Meaning of Food | Why Do We Eat Food | Meaning of Adequate Diet or Balanced and Classes of Food Diet Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 6 Basic Science and Technology

 

BASIC SCIENCE

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

SECOND TERM

PRIMARY 4

WEEK 6

THEME –  CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD 

 PREVIOUS LESSON – Meaning of Energy | Forms of Energy | Uses of Energy Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 5 Basic Science and Technology

 

TOPIC – CLASSES OF FOODS 

 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Classification of Foods

3. Importance of Foods or Reasons for Eaten Foods

4. Meaning and Importance of Adequate Diet

5. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

 

 

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of food.

2. give reasons for eating foods.

3. state the classes of food.

4. explain adequate diet.

5. mention the importance of adequate diet.

 

 

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can state the reasons why food is important.

 

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of food chart showing various food items – yam, potatoes, pepper, vegetables, etc.

 

 

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

 

 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

Scheme of Work

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

Course Book

All Relevant Material

Online Information

 

 

CONTENT OF THE LESSON  

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

Foods are nourishing substance that we eat and drink, or taken into the body for healthy living.

 

THE REASONS OF EATING FOOD/IMPORTANCE OF EATING FOOD 

Foods are very important substance required by the body to growth and function well.

For our body to function well, we eat food for the following reasons –

1. Energy

2. Growth

3. Preventing disease from the body

4. Fighting disease in the body

5. Cleaning the body system

6. Social enjoyment

 

 

LESSON 2 – CLASSES OF FOOD 

There are six classes of food required by the body to growth and function well,

1. Carbohydrates

2. Fats and oils

3. Minerals

4. Proteins

5. Vitamins

6. Water

 

CARBOHYDRATES 

Carbohydrates are energy given food and found in food like rice, noodles, bread and other products that have grains.

 

FATS AND OILS 

Fats and oils are for growth and function normally and help with tissue growth.

They are found in foods like meat, fish, whole eggs, vegetables, nuts.

 

MINERALS 

Minerals are Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium and Zinc.

Minerals can be found meat, fish, poultry, grains.

 

PROTEINS 

Proteins are for growth, maintaining or repairing body tissues and found in food like rice, beans, dairy products, fish, meat, eggs.

 

VITAMINS 

Vitamins help to regulate and boost immune system of the body.

They can be found in almost any product on the Earth.

 

WATER 

Water support life and needed on regular basis.

 

 

LESSON 3 – MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF ADEQUATE DIET 

Balanced diets are the different types of food that provide adequate amounts of the nutrients necessary for good health.

Balanced diet is also known as adequate or healthy diet.

 

IMPORTANCE OF ADEQUATE DIET 

The importance of adequate diet are as follows:

1. It builds the body.

2. It growths and repairs of body tissue.

3. It gives energy to the body.

4. It protects the body against diseases.

 

 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher displays sample of food or chart showing variety of food.

4. Teacher lets the groups or pairs to identify and the reasons why we eat food.

Pupil’s Activities – As a group, state the reasons why we eat food.

5 Teacher uses the food sample or chart introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of food and its classes.

6. Teacher leads a discussion on the meaning of food and the reasons for eating food.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the class discussion.

7. Teacher displays sample of food or chart showing food with and without balanced diet.

8. Teacher allows pupils in groups or pairs to examine and choose preferable among two. For examples – Food 1, jollof rice only while Food 2, jollof rice with bean or plantain, salad and fish or chicken.

9. Teacher asks pupils to state the reasons for choice of food.

Pupil’s Activities – Give reasons for their choice of food.

Teacher uses the food and pupil’s responses to introduce adequate diet and classes of food.

10. Teacher helps pupils to identify and state classes of food with appropriate chart and examples.

Pupil’s Activities – Analyze the importance of each class of food in their family and make a list of all classes of food on the cardboard.

11. Teacher uses classes of food to lead a discussion on the meaning of adequate or balanced diet.

Pupil’s Activities – Explain the meaning of adequate diet with appropriate examples.

12. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to appropriate lesson evaluation and write as instructed.

 

 

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

Next Lesson – Week 7, Mid Term Break and Week 8 – Meaning of Harmful Food | How to Identify Harmful Foods | Dangers of Eating Harmful Foods | Meaning of Over and Under Eating | Good and Bad Feeding Habits Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 8 Basic Science and Technology

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to:

1. explain the meaning of food.

2. state 5 reasons why we eat.

3. what the different between adequate and unbalanced diet.

4. what is another word for adequate diet and unbalanced diet.

5. mention 6 classes of food with at least 2 examples each.

6. classify the following food,

  • Rice
  • Bean
  • Yam
  • Egg
  • Vegetables
  • Fruit
  • Palm oil
  • Water
  • Amala
  • Fish

 

 

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT

ATTEMPT ALL THE QUESTIONS

1. _________ are nourishing substance that we eat and drink, or taken into the body for healthy living.

A. Foods

B. Water

C. Fruits

 

2. _________ are very important substance required by the body to growth and function well.

A. Fruits

B. Water

C. Foods

 

3. Foods are nourishing substance that we eat and drink, or taken into the body for _________.

A. growth

B. healthy living

C. energy

 

4. There are _________ classification of food required by the body to growth and function well.

A. 6

B. Sixty

C. Six

 

5. _________ are energy given food.

A. Vitamins

B. Protein

C. Carbohydrates

 

6. _________ are for growth and function normally and help with tissue growth.

A. Water

B. Minerals

C. Fats and oils

 

7. _________ are Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium and Zinc.

A. Minerals

B. Fats and oils

C. Water

 

8. _________ help to regulate and boost immune system of the Body.

A. Vitamins

B. Protein

C. Carbohydrates

 

9. _________ are for growth, maintaining or repairing body tissues.

A. Vitamins

B. Protein

C. Carbohydrates

 

10. _________ support life and needed on regular basis.

A. Fats and oils

B. Minerals

C. Water

 

Give two (2) examples of each of following:

11. Carbohydrates _________ and _________

 

12. Proteins _________ and _________

 

13. Minerals _________ and _________

 

14. Vitamins _________ and _________

 

15. Fats and oils _________ and _________

 

List three (3) food items in home:

16. _________, _________ and _________

17. _________, _________ and _________

 

State three (3) reasons for eating food:

18. ____________________________________

19. ____________________________________

20. ____________________________________