Forms of Accidents – Meaning and Types of Accidents (Primary 4)

SOCIAL STUDIES

RELIGION AND NATIONAL VALUES

THIRD TERM 

WEEK 4

PRIMARY 4

THEME: FORMS OF ACCIDENTS 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Meaning (Types) and Means of Communication (Primary 4) 

TOPIC – FORMS OF ACCIDENTS 

LEARNING AREA

1. Meaning (Types) of Accidents

2. Causes of Accidents

3. Outcomes of Accidents

4. First Aid for Accident Victims

5. How to Prevent Accidents

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, the pupils should have attained the following objectives (cognitive, affective and psychomotor) and should be able to:

1. explain the meaning of accident.

2. mention different types of accident and their causes.

3. mention different types of first aid treatment to be given to various accident victims.

4. explain the meaning of burns, scalds and bruises.

5. mention at least three ways of preventing burns, scalds, bruises and bites.

6. mention at least five reasons for using road signs.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

Charts showing different forms of accidents.

Video clips

First Aid box

Resourceful people

METHOD OF TEACHING – Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

Scheme of Work

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

Course Book

• MacMillan Brilliant Primary Social Studies Book 6

• Basic Social Studies for Primary Schools Book 6

All Relevant Material

Online Information – NHS Inform

 

Relevant link – Third Term Scheme of Work and Plan Lesson Note for Social Studies Primary 4 Primary 5 and Primary 6 Links

 

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON ONE – INTRODUCTION 

MEANING OF ACCIDENT 

Accident is an unplanned or unexpected events which cause injury or damage of lives and property.

TYPES OF ACCIDENTS 

The following are the types of accidents that can occur –

1. Road accidents

2. Rail accidents

3. Air accidents

4. Water accidents

5. Home accidents

6. Fire accidents

7. Occupational accidents

OUTCOMES OF ACCIDENTS 

1. Burns

These accidents are caused by hot objects such as iron or fire.

 

2. Scalds

These accidents are caused by hot water or any other liquid.

 

3. Bruises

These injuries are caused by a fall (from a bike, stair, etc.) or blow/hit (cars, etc.) on any parts of the body.

 

4. Bites

These are cut caused by animals bite such as snakes, dogs, mosquitoes, etc.

LESSON TWO – FIRST AID FOR ACCIDENT VICTIMS 

First aid is first support or treatment giving to help the sick, injured person until he/she receives full medical treatment.

Burns and Scalds 

1. Do not touch the affected areas

2. Take away from from the heat to stop burning.

3. Cover with a clean cloth.

4. Take the victim to the nearest hospital.

Bruises 

1. Put ice block in a clean cloth or towel.

2. Place it on the surface of the bruise.

3. Take the patient/victim to the nearest hospital.

Bites

1. Look for cloth, rope or anything to tie the upper part of the bite. This prevents the poison from spreading to other parts of the body.

2. Wash away the poison around the wound.

3. Take the patient/victim to the nearest hospital.

Transport Accidents 

1. Marine accidents

Take the victim out of water and the expert do the rest, if the victim have not drown.

 

2. Road accidents and other

Take the victim away from the scene and give first aid to the victim  if he/she is still alive.

If you can’t do any of the above, call for help.

WHAT WE CAN DO TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS 

1. Avoid wrong and careless use of home appliances at home, school and office – iron, cooker, water heater, frying pan, etc.

 

2. Stay away from unclean and untidy environments and dangerous animals like dogs (if not belong to you), etc.

 

3. Only the trained and mature people should drive.

 

4. Drive carefully.

 

5. Drive when you don’t drink. Drink when you don’t drive.

 

6. Clear all bushy parts of your environment – home, school and office.

REVISION AND  WEEK 4 LESSON ASSESSMENTS 

As stated in performance objectives or lesson evaluation. 

 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Gives the pupils charts showing different types of accidents and lets them describe the forms of different accidents;

Pupil’s Activities – Study the charts carefully and describe different forms of accidents.

3. Guides the pupils to explain the meaning of accident;

Pupil’s Activities – Discuss the meaning of accident.

4. Guides and lets the pupils discuss how to help a patient or victim in an accident;

Pupil’s Activities – Mention and discuss how to help accident victims.

5. Guides and asks what to do to prevent road accidents;

Pupil’s Activities – Discuss with another what to do to prevent road accidents.

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Assignment – Activities

1. Find out the different types of accidents that do occur in your locality.
2. Find out how first aids had been given to help the victim(s).
3. Find out how to prevent road and fire accidents.

• Next Lesson – Factors Which Encourage Abuse of Drugs (Primary 4)

LESSON EVALUATION 

Pupils to:

1. Explain the meaning of accident.

2. Mention five types of accidents.

3. Explain what people do during first aid treatment.

4. Discuss how to prevent different forms of accidents.