Aural Discrimination of Diphthong Vowel Sounds: /ɪə/ and /eə/ Primary 4 (Basic 4) Second Term Week 3 English Studies

AURAL DISCRIMINATION OF DIPHTHONG VOWEL SOUNDS: /ɪə/ AND /eə/ PRIMARY 4 (BASIC 4) SECOND TERM WEEK 3 ENGLISH STUDIES

ENGLISH STUDIES

SECOND TERM

WEEK 3

PRIMARY 4 (BASIC 4) 

THEME – SPEECH WORK 

TOPIC – VOWEL SOUNDS /ɪə/ AND /eə/ 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Examples of /ɪə/ and /eə/

3. Minimal Pairs

4. Making Sentences with Diphthong Sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/

5. Summary and Class Exercise

6. Practice Exercise/Homework/Test Questions and Answers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. identify the diphthong vowel sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/.

2. pronounce words containing /ɪə/ and /eə/ correctly.

3. distinguish between the sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/ in spoken words.

4. listen carefully and identify words that contain the target sounds.

5. use words containing /ɪə/ and /eə/ in simple sentences.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils already know how to identify vowel sounds. In this lesson, they will build on that knowledge by learning diphthong sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/ and how to distinguish between them.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Flashcards showing words with /ɪə/ and /eə/

2. Charts of diphthong sounds

3. Audio pronunciation (if available)

4. Pictures (ear, chair, hair, beer, etc.)

5. Pupils’ notebooks and writing mater ials

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Diphthongs are vowel sounds made by combining two vowel sounds in one syllable. When we pronounce diphthongs, our mouth moves from one sound to another.

In this lesson, pupils will learn:

• The diphthong sound /ɪə/ as in ear, fear, near, hear

• The diphthong sound /eə/ as in air, hair, chair, fair

Pupils will listen carefully, pronounce the sounds correctly, and identify words that contain them.

THE DIPHTHONG SOUND /ɪə/

The diphthong /ɪə/ is a vowel sound made when two vowel sounds are joined together in one syllable. It begins with the sound /ɪ/ and glides smoothly into /ə/.

How it is pronounced:

When pronouncing /ɪə/, the mouth moves from a short “i” sound to a weak “uh” sound.

Examples of Words with /ɪə/

• ear

• fear

• near

• hear

• dear

• beard

Making Sentences with Diphthong Sound /ɪə/

1. I can hear a sound.

2. The boy is near the school.

3. She is not afraid of fear.

4. Put your ear close to me.

5. My dear friend is kind.

The sound /ɪə/ is a diphthong vowel sound used in many English words. Pupils should listen carefully and practise pronouncing it correctly in words and sentences.

THE DIPHTHONG SOUND /eə/

The diphthong /eə/ is a vowel sound made when two vowel sounds are joined together in one syllable. It starts with the sound /e/ and glides into a weak /ə/ sound.

How it is pronounced:

To pronounce /eə/, the mouth moves from a short “e” sound to a soft “uh” sound.

Examples of Words with /eə/

• air

• hair

• chair

• fair

• care

• pair

Making Sentences with Diphthong Sound /eə/

1. The chair is broken.

2. Her hair is very long.

3. The air is fresh in the morning.

4. We share the same desk chair.

5. I do not care about the noise.

The sound /eə/ is a diphthong vowel sound used in English words. Pupils should listen carefully, practise pronunciation, and distinguish it from similar sounds like /ɪə/.

CLASS PRACTICE WITH MINIMAL PAIRS /ɪə/ AND /eə/

Minimal pairs are pairs of words that are pronounced almost the same but differ by only one sound, and this difference changes their meaning. They help pupils to listen carefully and improve pronunciation.

/ɪə/ and /eə/

1. tear – tear

• tear (verb) – to pull something apart.

• tear (noun) – a drop of liquid from the eye when crying.

2. ear – air

• ear – the part of the body used for hearing.

• air – the invisible gas we breathe.

3. fear – fare

• fear – to be afraid.

• fare – money paid for transport.

4. deer – dare

• deer – a wild animal with long legs.

• dare – to be brave enough to do something.

5. beer – bear

• be.er – an alcoh0lic drink (not for children).

• bear – a large wild animal.

6. near – nair

• near – close to something.

• nair – a made-up/phonetic word used for sound practice (not commonly used in English). 

7. cheer – chair

• cheer – to shout happily or show joy.

• chair – a seat for one person.

8. steer – stare

• steer – to control the direction of a vehicle.

• stare – to look at someone or something for a long time.

9. pier – pair

• pier – a structure built over water for boats.

• pair – two things that go together.

10. hear – hair

• hear – to receive sound with the ears.

• hair – what grows on the head or body.

PRACTICE EXERCISE/ASSIGNMENT/TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A. Circle the word that has the sound /ɪə/

1. fear / fare

2. air / ear

3. deer / dare

4. cheer / chair

5. hair / hear

B. Fill in the Blanks: Choose from the box: (fear, hair, ear, chair, air)

6. I can hear with my _____.

7. She sat on the _____.

8. The boy is afraid of _____.

9. The _____ is fresh and clean.

10. Her _____ is very long.

C. Match the Words to Their Sounds: Write /ɪə/ or /eə/

11. fear → ________

12. hair → ________

13. ear → ________

14. chair → ________

15. near → ________

16. air → ________

D. Choose the Correct Meaning

17. “fear” means (a) hair (b) being afraid

18. “chair” means (a) a seat (b) air

19. “ear” means (a) part of the body for hearing (b) food

20. “fare” means (a) transport fee (b) animal

21..“hair” means (a) what grows on the head (b) water

E. Make Sentences – Use each word in a simple sentence:

22. fear

23. ear

24. hair

25. chair

26. air

ANSWERS

1. fear

2. ear

3. deer

4. cheer

5. hear

6. ear

7. chair

8. fear

9. air

10. hair

11. /ɪə/

12. /eə/

13. /ɪə/

14. /eə/

15. /ɪə/

16. /eə/

17. b

18. a

19. a

20. a

21. a

22. I am not afraid of fear.

23. I can hear with my ear.

24. Her hair is long and neat.

25. I sat on the chair.

26. The air is fresh today.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. The teacher revises previously taught vowel sounds with pupils.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and respond by pronouncing the sounds.

2. The teacher introduces the topic: Diphthong vowel sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen attentively.

3. The teacher explains that diphthongs are vowel sounds made by combining two sounds in one syllable.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and give examples where possible.

4. The teacher demonstrates the sound /ɪə/ using words such as:

• ear

• fear

• near

• hear

• dear

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat after the teacher.

5. The teacher demonstrates the sound /eə/ using words such as:

• air

• hair

• chair

• fair

• care

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and repeat correctly.

6. The teacher contrasts both sounds clearly, pronouncing them one after the other.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen carefully and identify the differences.

7. The teacher gives oral drills by saying words randomly for pupils to identify the correct sound.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond by saying whether the word contains /ɪə/ or /eə/.

8. The teacher uses the words in simple sentences for better understanding.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat the sentences and practise pronunciation.

9. The teacher summarizes the lesson by reviewing the sounds and examples.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils answer questions and participate in the summary.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to,

1. identify the diphthong vowel sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/.

2. pronounce words containing /ɪə/ and /eə/ correctly.

3. distinguish between the sounds /ɪə/ and /eə/ in spoken words.

4. listen carefully and identify words that contain the target sounds.

5. use words containing /ɪə/ and /eə/ in simple sentences.