Agricultural Practice – Pre – planting, Planting, Post Planting, Harvest and Post Harvest Operations | Effects of Timely Harvest Versus Late Harvest JSS 2 Agriculture

AGRICULTURE

JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 2)

THEME – PROCESSES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 

TOPIC – AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

LEARNING AREA 

• Pre – planting, Planting and Post Planting

• Harvest and Post Harvest Operations

• Effects of Timely Harvest Versus Late Harvest

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Simple farm tools – Home, Cutlass, Rake, Hand trowel, etc.

2. School farm.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. describe pre-planting, planting, post planting, harvesting and post harvesting operations.

2. perform the various cultural practices above.

3. explain the benefits of timely harvesting of crops.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

LESSON 1 – AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

1. PRE-PLANTING OPERATIONS

• Choice of site

• Clearing

• Stumping

• Plotting

• Tilling/ploughing, harrowing, riding, etc.

• Seed selection

• Nursery and nursery practices.

2. PLANTING OPERATIONS 

• Seed treatment

• Spacing and planting

3. POST PLANTING OPERATIONS

• Thinning

• Supplying

• Mulching

• Manuring/fertilizer application

• Harvesting

LESSON 2 – EFFECTS OF TIMELY HARVESTING VERSUS LATE HARVESTING 

HARVEST

Harvest is the process of collecting different farm produces at their own appropriate time. A timely harvest can help to maximize potential grain yield, maximize grain quality and minimize field losses.

There are two (2) operations after harvest, post and late harvest.

A. POST-HARVESTING OPERATION 

Post harvest is the stage of collecting farm produce immediately without at any delay, most especially when the crops are green. That’s, processing of crops into useable forms after harvesting which include cleaning, sorting, packing and storing.

The effect of post harvest operation ensures good grain quality and high market value.

B. LATE HARVESTING OPERATION

Late harvest is the operation that allows the crops stay longer than expected, mostly for seedling, preservation or further processing.

The effect of late harvest operation lead to excessive losses if not properly monitored.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. displays charts and pictures board.

2. guides students to identify and describe different pre-planting operations.

3. demonstrates some of these operations.

4. summarizes the lesson on the board.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. study charts and pictures provided and identify the various operations depicted.

2. watch teacher demonstrations.

3. perform the various planting operations.

4. copy board summary.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks students to,

1. describe briefly activities involved in pre-planting, planting, post planting, harvesting, post harvesting operations.

2. demonstrate the various operations.

3. state three advantages of timely harvesting of crops.