Capacity and Its Basic Unit of Measurement | Addition and Subtraction in Litres and Millilitres Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 6 Mathematics

MATHEMATICS

THIRD TERM

WEEK 6

PRIMARY 4

THEME – MENSURATION AND GEOMETRY 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Time, Calendar and Date Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 5 Mathematics

TOPIC – CAPACITY 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Standard Units of Capacity

3. Addition and Subtraction of Capacity in mℓ and ℓ

4. Word Problems

5. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. identify the standard unit for capacity measurement.

2. convert millilitres to litres and litres to millilitres.

3. carry out simple addition and subtraction involving mℓ and ℓ

4. word problems involving, addition and subtraction in mℓ and ℓ

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can identify objects with different capacity.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of gallons with different capacities.

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

ACTIVITY 1 – CONCEPTS OF CAPACITY 

Capacity is the amount of liquid in a container. 

It is the measure of the amount or volume of liquid in a container.

The basic units of measurement of capacity are milliliter (mℓ) and liter (ℓ).

The standard unit of measuring capacity is the liter (ℓ).

Small amount of liquid is measured in milliliter (mℓ) while large amount is measured in liter (ℓ).

It is equal to a thousandth of a liter, that’s, 1 ℓ = 1000 mℓ.

The relationship between milliliter (mℓ) and liter (ℓ) is,

1 000 mℓ = 1 ℓ

 

ACTIVITY 2 – CONVERSION OF mℓ TO ℓ

Working Example 1 

Convert 5 000 mℓ to litres.

1st, divide the number of millilitres by 1 000,

5 000 ÷ 1 000 = 5

2nd, change the unit to litres,

5 000 mℓ = 5 ℓ

Working Example 2 

Convert 3 765 mℓ to litres.

1st, divide the number of millilitres by 1 000,

3 756 ÷ 1 000 = 3.756

2nd, change the unit to liters,

3 756 mℓ = 3.756 ℓ

Or

3 l 756 mℓ

Working Example 3

Convert 167 mℓ to litres.

1st, divide the number of millilitres by 1 000,

167 ÷ 1 000 = 0.167

2nd, change the unit to litres,

167 mℓ = 0.167 ℓ

Working Example 4

Convert 13 g to litres.

1st, divide the number of millilitres by 1 000,

13 ÷ 1 000 = 0.013

2nd, change the unit to litres,

13 mℓ = 0.013 ℓ

Working Example 5

Convert 9 g to litres.

1st, divide the number of millilitres by 1 000,

9 ÷ 1 000 = 0.009

2nd, change the unit to litres,

9 mℓ = 0.009 ℓ

WORKING EXERCISES/ASSIGNMENT 

Covert the following to millilitres,

1. 0.9 ℓ

2. 135 ℓ

3. 0.048 ℓ

4. 8 787 ℓ

5. 1.25 ℓ

SOLUTIONS

1. 0.9 mℓ = 0.9 x 1 000 = 0.0009 ℓ

2. 135 mℓ = 135 x 1 000 = 0.135 ℓ

3. 0.048 mℓ = 0.048 x 1 000 = 0.00048 ℓ

4. 8 787 mℓ = 8 787 x 1 000 = 8.787 ℓ

5. 1.25 mℓ = 1.25 x 1 000 = 0.00125 ℓ

ACTIVITY 4 – CONVERSION OF ℓ AND mℓ

Working Example 1

Convert 9 ℓ to millilitres.

1st, multiply the number of ℓ by 1 000,

9 x 1 000 = 9 000

2nd, change the unit of millilitres

9 ℓ = 9 000 mℓ

Working Example 2

Convert 1.5 ℓ to millilitres.

1st, multiply the number of ℓ by 1 000,

1.5 x 1 000 = 1 500

2nd, change the unit of millilitres

1.5 ℓ = 1 500 mℓ

Working Example 3

Convert 0.73 ℓ to millilitres.

1st, multiply the number of ℓ by 1 000,

0.73 x 1 000 = 730

2nd, change the unit of milliliters

0.73 ℓ = 730 mℓ

Working Example 4

Convert 5 ℓ 7 ℓ to millilitres.

1st, multiply the number of ℓ by 1 000,

5 x 1 000 + 7 = 5 007

2nd, change the unit of millilitres

5 ℓ 7 mℓ = 5 007 mℓ

WORKING EXERCISES/ASSIGNMENT 

Complete the following:

1. 7 368 g = ________ ℓ

2. 9.515 kg = ________ mℓ

3. 1.2 g = ________ ℓ

4. 1 kg 98 g = ________ ℓ

5. 1 ℓ 98 mℓ = ________ mℓ

LESSON 2 – ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF CAPACITY

ACTIVITY 1 – ADDITION OF WEIGHTS 

Working Example 1 

Teacher asks each group or pair to add their body weights together.

Lets assume the capacity of 5 containers are as follows: 25.6 ℓ, 28.5 ℓ, 27.3 ℓ, 26.1 ℓ and 24 ℓ.

25.6 ℓ + 28.5 ℓ + 27.3 ℓ + 26.1 ℓ + 24 ℓ =

25.6 ℓ

+ 28.5 ℓ

+ 27.3 ℓ

+ 26.1 ℓ

+ 24.0 ℓ

______________

131.5 ℓ

The capacity of 5 containers is 131.5 ℓ.

Working Example 2 

Add 6 ℓ 950 mℓ to 2 ℓ 715 mℓ

6 ℓ 950 mℓ

+ 2 ℓ 715 mℓ

_____________

9 ℓ 665 mℓ

Working Example 3

Add 5 ℓ 56 mℓ and 8 ℓ 69 mℓ

¹5 ℓ 56 mℓ

+ 8 ℓ 59 mℓ

______________

14 ℓ 05 mℓ

Working Example 4

Add 5.674 ℓ and 3.475 ℓ together and leave your answer in grams.

5.674 ℓ

+ 3. 475 ℓ

______________

9.149 ℓ

Therefore, 9.149 ℓ = 9.149 x 1 000 = 9 149 mℓ.

WORKING EXERCISES 

Add the following:

1. 9 125 mℓ and 6 786 mℓ

2. 4 804 mℓ, 3.498 ℓ and 2 397 mℓ

3. 989 mℓ and 483 mℓ

4. 2.168 ℓ + 700 mℓ

5. 6 ℓ 71 mℓ and 5 ℓ 92 mℓ

SOLUTIONS

1. 9 125 mℓ and 6 786 mℓ

9 125 mℓ

+ 6 786 mℓ

______________

15 911 mℓ

Therefore, 9 125 mℓ + 6 786 mℓ = 15 911 mℓ or 15 ℓ 912 mℓ or 15.912 ℓ

2. 4 804 mℓ, 3.498 ℓ and 2 397 mℓ

¹4 804 mℓ

(3.498 ℓ = 3 498 mℓ), + 3 498 mℓ

+ 2 397 mℓ

______________

10 699 mℓ

Therefore, 4 804 mℓ + 3.498 ℓ + 2 397 mℓ = 10 699 mℓ or 10 ℓ 699 mℓ or 10.699 ℓ

3. 989 mℓ and 483 mℓ

¹989 mℓ

+ 483 mℓ

______________

1 472 mℓ

Therefore, 989 mℓ + 483 mℓ = 1 472 mℓ or 1 ℓ 483 mℓ or 1.472 ℓ

4. 2.168 ℓ + 700 mℓ

2.168 ℓ

(700 mℓ = 0.700 ℓ) + 0.700 ℓ

______________

2.868 ℓ

Therefore, 2.168 ℓ + 700 mℓ = 2.878 ℓ or 2 ℓ 878 mℓ or 2 878 mℓ

5. 6 kg 71 m + 5 kg 92 m

6 ℓ 71 mℓ

+ 5 ℓ 92 mℓ

______________

11 ℓ 163 mℓ

Therefore, 6 ℓ 71 mℓ + 5 ℓ 92 mℓ = 11 ℓ 163 mℓ or 11.163 ℓ or 11 163 mℓ

LESSON 3 – SUBTRACTION INVOLVING LITRES AND MILLILITRES

Working Example 1

Subtract 9 ℓ 156 mℓ and 8 ℓ 569 mℓ

9 ℓ 156 mℓ

– 8 ℓ 569 mℓ

______________

587 mℓ

Therefore, 9 ℓ 156 mℓ – 8 ℓ 569 mℓ = 587 mℓ or 0.587 ℓ

Working Example 2

4 804 mℓ + 3.498 ℓ – 2 397 mℓ

4 804 mℓ

(3.498 ℓ = 3 498 mℓ), + 3 498 mℓ

______________

8 302 mℓ

– 2 397 mℓ

______________

5 905 mℓ

Therefore, 4 804 mℓ + 3.498 ℓ – 2 397 mℓ = 5 905 mℓ or 5 ℓ 905 mℓ or 5.905 ℓ

Working Example 3

989 mℓ – 483 mℓ

989 mℓ

– 483 mℓ

______________

506 mℓ

Therefore, 989 mℓ – 483 mℓ = 506 mℓ or 0.506 ℓ

Working Example 4

2.168 kg – 700 g

2.168 ℓ

(700 mℓ = 0.700 ℓ) – 0.700 ℓ

______________

1.468 ℓ

Therefore, 2.168 ℓ – 700 mℓ = 1.468 ℓ or 1 ℓ 468 mℓ

LESSON 4 – WORD PROBLEMS

Word problems are mathematical problems presented a simple language rather than in mathematical notation.

WORKING EXAMPLE 

1. A tank is full and it contains 7.15 ℓ of petrol. 2.68 ℓ of this is used. How much petrol is left in the tank?

Solution,

7.15 ℓ

– 2.68 ℓ

____________

5.47 ℓ

 

2. 10 ℓ 251 mℓ of water is poured into a bucket that already contains 8 ℓ 675 mℓ of water. How much water is now in the bucket?

Solution,

10 ℓ 251 mℓ

+ 8 ℓ 675 mℓ

____________

18 ℓ 826 mℓ

WORKING EXERCISE 

1. A trader sells 43 bottles of oil a day. Each bottle contains 0.6 litres of oil. How many litres did she sell?

2. A car uses 8.76 litres out of the 30.92 of petrol in the tank. What capacity of petrol is left in the tank?

LESSON 5 – REVISION

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes the pupils in groups or pair depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher displays containers of different size.

4. Teacher asks the groups or pairs to compare and discuss the capacity of each container.

Pupil’s Activities – Compare and discuss the capacity of each container.

5. Teacher uses the containers and pupil’s responses to introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of the lesson.

6. Teacher leads a discuss the concept of capacity and its standard units.

Pupil’s Activities – Explain the meaning of capacity with its units.

7. Teacher guides the pupils to identify the capacity of different containers.

Pupil’s Activities – Check and record the capacity of different containers.

8. Teacher uses the units identified to discuss the relationship between standard units of capacity.

Pupil’s Activities – Understand the relationship between millilitres and litres, 1 000 mℓ = 1 ℓ.

9. Teacher guides pupils to convert mℓ to ℓ and ℓ to mℓ.

Pupil’s Activities – Follow the teacher’s instructions to convert mℓ to ℓ and ℓ to mℓ.

10. Teacher guides pupils to add and substrate capacity in mℓ and ℓ.

Pupil’s Activities – Follow the teacher’s guides to add and substrate capacity in mℓ and ℓ.

11. Teacher leads pupils to interpret and solve simple word problems on capacity.

Pupil’s Activities – Solve word problem questions.

12. Teacher summarizes each of the lesson on the board with appropriate evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly in the questions and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Capacity – Multiplication and Division in Litres and Millilitres Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 8 Mathematics

 

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to,

1. identify the standard unit for capacity.

2. convert mℓ to ℓ and ℓ to mℓ.

3. carry out simple addition and subtraction involving mℓ and ℓ.

4. word problems involving addition and subtraction mℓ and ℓ.