Meaning and Classes of Fishery | Fish Products in Nigeria | Uses of Fish | Methods of Fishing | Risk Factors in Water and Fish Farming JSS 2 Agriculture

AGRICULTURE

JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 2)

THEME – PROCESSES OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS 

TOPIC 5 – FISHERY

LEARNING AREA 

• Meaning and Classes of Fishery

• Fish Products in Nigeria | Uses of Fish

• Methods of Fishing

• Risk Factors in Water and Fish Farming

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Pictures and charts on fish and fish products.

2. Fishing nets, basket, fishing hook, etc.

3. Visit to a near by fishery.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. define fishery.

2. classify fishes on the basis of habitat and morphology.

3. state the uses of fish and fish products.

4. identify methods of fishing.

5. state risk factors associated with fish farming.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

LESSON 1 – DEFINITION OF FISHERY AND CLASSES OF FISH

Fishery is a commercial activity that deals with raising or harvesting, processing and selling fish, shellfish and other aquatic life on a large scale.

CLASSES OF FISH BASED ON

1. HABITAT 

Habitat is a place where an organism makes its home. It is a place that meets all the environmental conditions an organism needs to survive and reproduction.

Classes of fish according to their habitat are –

A. Freshwater fish

A freshwater fish are fish that lives in fresh water such as rivers and lakes with less salt. For example – catfish, charr, cisco, mooneye, gar, shiner, trout, etc.

B. Saltwater fish

A freshwater fish are fish that lives in saltwater such as oceans or salt lakes. Saltwater fish is also known as marine fish.

Marine fish are classified according to their feeding habits,

• Herbivorous are fish that feed on plant materials.

• Carnivorous are fish that feed on other fishes or animals.

• Omnivorous are fish that feed on plants, animals, fungi, algae and bacteria.

2. MORPHOLOGY

Fish morphology is the shape, size, and structure of body parts of different fish. This is classified as bony and cartilaginous fish.

• Bony fish are tilapia, mudfish, mackerel, croaker, catfish, etc.

• Cartilaginous fish are shark, dolphin, etc.

3. OTHER TYPES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 

These are shell fish such as crab, prawn, reptile- turtle, crocodile mammals – hippopotamus, whale.

LESSON 2 – FISH PRODUCTS IN NIGERIA

1. Sardine

2. Titus

3. Fish pie and roll

4. Cold liver capsules

5. Stock fish, etc.

LESSON 3 – USES OF FISH

1. It serves as food.

2. It serves as medicine.

3. It serves as animal feed.

4. It serves as fish glue.

5. It serves as a source of oil

6. It serves as fertilizer/emulsion.

7. It serves as a source of income.

8. It provides employment opportunities.

LESSON 4 – METHODS OF FISHING

1. Hook and line method

2. Casting net method

3. Trap such as using net, hook and line, pot, basket, etc.

4. Fence method

5. Draining water method – manual or mechanical such as pumping machine.

6. Trawl fishing method

7. Chemical method

LESSON 5 – RISK FACTORS IN WATER AND FISH FARMING

A risk factor in water and fish farming is anything that increases the chance of getting a disease through,

1. Polluting water with chemicals/industrial effluents.

2. Contaminating fish with chemicals used for catching fish.

3. Channeling sewage and other waste into the river, lake, etc.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. arranges a visit to a near-by fish farm.

2. presents pictures and charts on fish and fish products.

3. displays fish and the fish products.

4. practice how to mend fishing net.

5. discuss the effects of chemicals on fish and their environment.

5. summarizes the lesson on the board.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. examine and identify various types of fish and other aquatic organisms displayed.

2. identify various fishing equipment displayed.

3. bring samples of fish and fish products.

4. explain suitable environment for fish farming.

5. copy board summary.

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks students to,

1. define fishery.

2. classify fishes based on,

a) habitat and

b) morphology.

3. state two uses of fish and fish products.

4. write three methods of fishing.

5. state how water and fish can be contaminated.