Meaning/Definition of Source of Farm Power | Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Source of Farm Power SS 1 Agricultural Science
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
THEME: AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANISATION
CLASS – SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS (SS 1)
PREVIOUS LESSON – Agricultural Science Plan Lesson Notes for Senior Secondary Schools – SSS 1
TOPIC – SOURCES OF FARM POWER
LEARNING AREA
1. Definition of Source of Farm Power
2. Types of Source of Farm Power
3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Type of Source of Power
3. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, most of the students should have attained the following objectives –
1. list the different sources of farm power.
2. state the advantages and disadvantages of each type.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:
1. pictures and charts of the sources.
2) nearby farms to identify sources of farm power.
REFERENCE MATERIALS
1. Scheme of Work
2. National Curriculum SSS Classes
3. Course Book
4. All Relevant Material
5. Online Information
CONTENT OF THE LESSON
SOURCE OF FARM POWER
Farm power can be defined as any source of power used in farming or force that can be used in doing farming. The common sources of farm power are:
1. Human
2. Animal
3. Mechanical
4. Electrical
5. Solar
6. Wind
7. Water.
Farm power can come from a variety of sources, including:
HUMAN POWER
Human power is the most common and cheapest source of power for operating different farm implements, tools and machines. Farmers can use their own physical strength to perform tasks such as tilling, planting, and harvesting. Human power is directed to perform the following activities – land clearing, stumping, ploughing, harrowing, ridging planting, harvesting, weeding, storage and food processing.
ADVANTAGES OF HUMAN POWER
1. It is easily available in all farm operating.
2. It is cheap and easy to control.
3. It is the efforts used in farming.
DISADVANTAGES OF HUMAN POWER
1. It cannot perform tedious farm operation.
2. It performance are limited.
3. It doesn’t lower for long.
4. It is slow and less efficient.
5. It efficiencies reduce with age.
ANIMAL POWER
Animal power is the power derived from farm animals which are used to perform some farm operations. Animal like bulls, cows, oxen, buffalo, etc. are used for pulling ploughs, harrows, planters, riders, etc. while camels, horse and donkeys are used for transportation of farm produce.
ADVANTAGES OF ANIMAL POWER
1. Animals can perform more jobs than man.
2. It is cheaper to purchase.
3. It can handle many farm operations.
4. It can be controlled or easy to maintain.
5. It is cheap to maintain.
6. Animals do not get tired or fatigue easily.
7. Manure production.
DISADVANTAGES OF ANIMAL POWER
1. Animals are controlled by human power.
2. They have short life span
3. They loose energy and weight.
4. Animals feed are scarce expensive in dry season.
5. Animals work hours are limited by the sun.
6. Sickness and diseases reduce the their performance.
7. It efficiencies reduce with age.
MECHANICAL POWER
Mechanical power are power from machines or engines used in farming operations, typically running on diesel fuel or gasoline. For example – tractor, planter, harrow, harvester, etc. They are designed mostly for large scale farming.
ADVANTAGES OF MECHANICAL POWER
1. It works faster.
2. It saves time and energy.
3. It reduces the cost of manual labour.
4. It increases the products agriculture.
5. It can work throughout the season.
DISADVANTAGES OF MECHANICAL POWER
1. It is very expensive.
2. The cost of maintenance is high.
3. It increases unemployment.
4. It requires qualified personnel.
5. It controls by human knowledge.
ELECTRICAL POWER
Electrical power is the power from electricity and generator used for processing, storing, pumping water, etc. Farms that are connected to the electrical grid can also use electricity to power equipment and irrigation systems.
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRICAL POWER
1. It is affordable.
2. It is easy to operate.
3. It powered other machines.
4. It increases productivity.
DISADVANTAGES OF ELECTRICAL POWER
1. It is dangerous if not connected properly.
2. Cost of maintenance is high.
3. Not efficient during the rainy season.
SOLAR POWER
Solar power is the free power from the sun used for heating water, generating electricity, preservation, etc.
ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER
1. It is free source of power.
2. It is cheaper.
3. It is available almost everyday.
4. It enables crops to manufacture their foods.
5. It is used for food preservation.
6. It is one of the sources of electricity.
DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER
1. It not available at night.
2. It is limited during the rainy season.
3. It reduces or stop farming activities during the dry season.
4. The supply cannot be controlled.
WIND POWER
Wind power is the power from the movement to wind that is used to generate mechanical or electricity power for mall facilities. This power can be used for specific tasks such as grinding grain or pumping water.
ADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER
1. It is cheap and natural.
2. It is available everywhere.
3. It used to power other devices or machines.
4. It is another source electricity.
DISADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER
1. Its supply cannot be determined.
2. It is not easy to control.
3. It cannot be stored.
WATER POWER
Water power is the power derived from large body of water. This is power generated from water flowing in rivers, dams and streams. It is best harnessed when dams are built. The large head of water resulting from big dams turn mighty turbines which produce power for generating electricity.
ADVANTAGES OF WATER POWER
1. It is for used for irrigation.
2. It is a source of water for animals rearing.
3. It is another source of electrical power.
4. It is used for fishing.
DISADVANTAGES OF WATER POWER
1. It is not available in all areas.
2. The volume of water reduces during the dry season.
3. If not checked and controlled properly, it destroyed farmland through flooding.
4. It is very expensive to management.
BIOGAS POWER
Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter or waste such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste, etc. to generate power.
ADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS
1. It is one of the cheapest sources of power.
2. It is easy managed and controlled.
3. It is a byproduct of organic matter.
4. It is used for cooking or drying agricultural products.
5. It can be stored.
DISADVANTAGE OF BIOGAS
1. It is not easy to setup.
2. It is dangerous if not stored properly.
3. It is very expensive to maintain.
4. Source is limited.
PRESENTATION
TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES
Teacher,
1. with aided diagram, leads a class discussion on different source of farm power.
2. takes students to the nearest farms to identify and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each source of farm power.
3. summarizes the lesson on the board.
STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES
1. participate actively in the class discussion on source of farm power.
2. visit to nearby farms.
3. summarizes the lesson on the board.
CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.
LESSON EVALUATION
Teacher asks students to:
1. list 5 sources of farm power.
2. state 3 advantages and disadvantages of the listed sources of farm power.