Aural Discrimination: Contrast Sounds /t/ – /ts/ Primary 5 (Basic 5) First Term Week 9 English Studies

AURAL DISCRIMINATION: CONTRAST SOUNDS /t/ – /ts/ PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) FIRST TERM WEEK 9 ENGLISH STUDIES

ENGLISH STUDIES

FIRST TERM

WEEK 9

PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) 

THEME – SPEECH WORK 

TOPIC – CONSONANT SOUNDS /t/ – /ts/

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Identification and Pronunciation Practice

3. Practice Exercise/Assignment/Test Questions and Answers

4. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. identify the consonant sounds /t/ and /ts/.

2. pronounce words containing /t/ and /ts/ correctly.

3. distinguish between /t/ and /ts/ sounds in words.

4. identify minimal pairs with /t/ and /ts/.

5. use the words in simple sentences.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR 

The pupils already understand how different sounds affect meaning. This lesson helps them distinguish between /t/ and /ts/.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Flashcards with /t/ and /ts/ words

2. Whiteboard and marker/chalkboard and chalk

3. English textbook

4. Pictures of objects

5. Oral pronunciation guide

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Consonant contrast sounds are sounds in English that are different and can change the meaning of words when they are pronounced wrongly.

In this lesson, the pupils will learn to distinguish between the consonant sounds /t/ and /ts/.

The sound /t/ is a voiceless plosive sound. It is produced by stopping the air with the tongue against the roof of the mouth and then releasing it quickly.

Examples of /t/ Sound

• tea

• ten

• top

• tin

• table

The sound /ts/ is a voiceless affricate sound. It is produced by combining the /t/ sound with a light /s/ sound at the end.

Examples of /ts/ Sound

• cats

• hats

• bats

• nets

• pots

Minimal Pairs

• cat – cats

• hat – hats

• bat – bats

• pot – pots

• net – nets

PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE

1. /t/ Sound Practice

• tea

• ten

• top

• table

• tin

• teacher

• take

• time

• team

• tree

2. /ts/ Sound Practice

• cats

• hats

• bats

• nets

• pots

• rats

• sits

• cuts

• pets

• lets

Minimal Pairs Practice

• cat – cats

• hat – hats

• bat – bats

• pot – pots

• net – nets

• pet – pets

• sit – sits

• cut – cuts

• let – lets

• pit – pits

Sentences Practice

/t/ Sound

• The tea is hot.

• The teacher is in class.

• I will take my book.

• The table is clean.

• It is time to go home.

/ts/ Sound

• The cats are sleeping.

• The hats are on the chair.

• The nets are  new.

• The rats ran away.

• The pets are friendly.

PRACTICE EXERCISE/ASSIGNMENT/TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A. Identify the Sound (/t/ or /ts/)

1. tea

2. cats

3. table

4. hats

5. ten

6. pots

7. tin

8. nets

9. top

10. bats

B. Choose the Correct Word

11. The ______ is on the table. (tea / cats)

12. The boy has a red ______. (hat / hats)

13. I drink ______ every morning. (tea / cats)

14. There are many ______ in the house. (cat / cats)

15. The ______ is clean. (table / bats)

C. Fill in the Blanks

16. The ______ is hot. (tea/cats)

17. The ______ are sleeping. (cats/tea)

18. I saw a ______ in the room. (cat/cats)

19. The ______ are on the floor. (nets/tea)

20. The ______ is big. (table/hats)

D. Oral Practice

Say these pairs correctly:

21. cat – cats

22. hat – hats

23. bat – bats

24. pot – pots

25. net – nets

ANSWERS

A. Identify the Sound (/t/ or /ts/)

1. /t/

2. /ts/

3. /t/

4. /ts/

5. /t/

6. /ts/

7. /t/

8. /ts/

9. /t/

10. /ts/

B. Choose the Correct Word

11. tea

12. hat

13. tea

14. cats

15. table

C. Fill in the Blanks

16. tea

17. cats

18. cat

19. nets

20. table

D. Oral Practice

21. tea – cats

22. ten – nets

23. top – pots

24. tin – cats

26. table – hats

SUMMARY

Pupils learned to identify, pronounce, and differentiate between /t/ and /ts/ sounds through listening and oral practice.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. The teacher introduces the sounds /t/ and /ts/ and pronounces them clearly for the pupils.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen carefully and repeat after the teacher.

2. The teacher presents words containing the /t/ sound.

Examples:

• tea

• ten

• top

• table

• tin

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils pronounce the words and identify the /t/ sound.

3. The teacher presents words containing the /ts/ sound.

Examples:

• cats

• hats

• bats

• nets

• pots

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils pronounce the words and identify the /ts/ sound.

4. The teacher contrasts the two sounds using minimal pairs.

Examples:

• cat – cats

• hat – hats

• bat – bats

• pot – pots

• net – nets

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and pronounce the pairs correctly.

5. The teacher conducts oral drills by pronouncing words randomly and asking pupils to identify the sound.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils say whether the word contains /t/ or /ts/.

6. The teacher guides pupils to practise pronunciation in pairs and groups.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat and practise correct pronunciation.

7. The teacher corrects pupils’ pronunciation where necessary.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat the correct sounds.

8. The teacher summarizes the lesson by revising the difference between /t/ and /ts/.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond to questions and participate in the summary.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. mention two words with /t/ sound.

2. mention two words with /ts/ sound. 

3. pronounce: tea – cats.

4. what is the difference between /t/ and /ts/?

6. give one minimal pair of /t/ and /ts/.