Aural Discrimination of the Vowel Sounds (/ʌ/ – /ɔ:/, /ae/ – /a:/, /a:/ – /ɔ/) Primary 6 (Basic 6) First Term Week 2 English Studies

AURAL DISCRIMINATION OF THE VOWEL SOUNDS (/ʌ/ – /ɔ:/, /ae/ – /a:/, /a:/ – /ɔ/) PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) FIRST TERM WEEK 1 ENGLISH STUDIES

ENGLISH STUDIES

FIRST TERM

WEEK 2

PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) 

THEME – SPEECH WORK 

TOPIC – AURAL DISCRIMINATION 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. /ʌ/ and /ɔ:/

3. /ae/ and /a:/

4. /a:/ and /ɔ/

5. Revision and Lesson Evaluation

6. Test Questions and Answers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should be able to:

1. define aural discrimination.

2. identify the vowel sounds /ʌ/, /ɔː/, /æ/, and /ɑː/.

3. differentiate between the paired vowel sounds correctly.

4. pronounce words containing the vowel sounds accurately.

5. listen carefully and identify vowel sounds in spoken words.

6. use words with the vowel sounds correctly in sentences.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can identify of the vowel sounds.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Chart

2. Flashcard

3. Course book

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION 

Aural discrimination is the ability to hear and identify differences between sounds in words.

VOWEL SOUNDS

Vowel sounds are speech sounds produced without blocking the flow of air from the mouth.

1. The Sounds /ʌ/ – /ɔː/

/ʌ/ – /ɔː/

• cup – call

• bus – ball

• sun – wall

• cut – tall

• luck – talk

• but – hurt

• One – warm

Practice

• The sun is hot.

• The ball is on the table.

2. The Sounds /æ/ – /ɑː/

/æ/ – /ɑː/

• cat – cart

• hat – heart

• bag – barn

• man – mark

• cap – calm

Practice

• The cat is sleeping.

• The cart is full of goods.

3. The Sounds /ɑː/ – /ɔː/

/ɑː/ – /ɔː/

• car – cord

• park – port

• farm – form

• heart – horse

• dark – door

• lark – lock

• part – pot

• heart – hot

Practice

• The car is new.

• The horse runs fast.

LISTENING PRACTICE

The teacher pronounces words for the pupils to listen carefully and repeat correctly.

Example

• cup – call

• cat – cart

• car – cord

Sentence Practice

1. The boy kicked the ball.

2. The sun shines brightly.

3. The cat is under the chair.

4. My father drove the car.

5. We visited the farm yesterday.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Identify the Correct Sound:

1. cup → ______

2. ball → ______

3. cat → ______

4. cart → ______

5. horse → ______

ANSWER KEYS

1. /ʌ/

2. /ɔː/

3. /æ/

4. /ɑː/

5. /ɔː/

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions about vowel sounds and pronunciation.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and pronounce familiar vowel sounds.

2. The teacher organizes the pupils into groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Each pupil belongs to a group.

3. The teacher pronounces pairs of words containing the vowel sounds /ʌ/ and /ɔː/, /æ/ and /ɑː/, /ɑː/ and /ɔː/ for the pupils to listen to and repeat.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen carefully and repeat the words correctly.

4. The teacher uses charts/flashcards containing words with the vowel sounds to introduce the lesson and explain the differences between the sounds.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils pay attention to the lesson introduction, identify, and differentiate the vowel sounds correctly.

5. The teacher guides the pupils on how to pronounce the vowel sounds accurately in words and sentences.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils follow the teacher’s guidance to pronounce the vowel sounds correctly.

6. The teacher conducts listening and pronunciation drills using examples and practice exercises.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils confidently participate in listening and pronunciation activities.

7. The teacher summarizes the lesson on the board and gives appropriate evaluation.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to most of the questions as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to,

1. what is aural discrimination?

2. mention two words with the sound /ʌ/.

3. mention two words with the sound /ɔː/.

4. pronounce the pair: cat – cart.

5. differentiate between /æ/ and /ɑː/.

TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

INSTRUCTION – Choose the correct answer from the options A – B. 

1. Aural discrimination means the ability to _____.

A. draw pictures

B. write stories

C. count numbers

D. hear differences in sounds

2. Which of these words contains the sound /ʌ/?

A. ball

B. sun

C. cart

D. wall

3. Which word contains the sound /ɔː/?

A. cup

B. bus

C. cut

D. tall

4. The word “cat” contains the sound _____.

A. /ɑː/

B. /ɔː/

C. /æ/

D. /ʌ/

5. Which word contains the sound /ɑː/?

A. hat

B. bag

C. cart

D. man

6. Which pair contains the sounds /ʌ/ and /ɔː/?

A. cup – call

B. cat – cart

C. park – port

D. bag – man

7. The word “ball” contains the sound _____.

A. /æ/

B. /ɔː/

C. /ʌ/

D. /ɑː/

8. Which word contains the sound /æ/?

A. calm

B. heart

C. cap

D. farm

9. The word “car” contains the sound _____.

A. /ɑː/

B. /ɔː/

C. /ʌ/

D. /æ/

10. Which word contains the sound /ɔː/?

A. hat

B. cut

C. cap

D. horse

11. The sound in “bus” is _____.

A. /ɔː/

B. /ɑː/

C. /ʌ/

D. /æ/

12. Which pair contains /æ/ and /ɑː/?

A. cat – cart

B. cup – call

C. park – port

D. cut – tall

13. Which word has the sound /ɑː/?

A. dark

B. dog

C. ball

D. cup

14. The word “wall” contains the sound _____.

A. /æ/

B. /ʌ/

C. /ɔː/

D. /ɑː/

15. Which word contains the sound /æ/?

A. mark

B. man

C. farm

D. calm

16. The word “farm” contains the sound _____.

A. /ɔː/

B. /æ/

C. /ʌ/

D. /ɑː/

17. Which of these words contains the sound /ɔː/?

A. form

B. cat

C. cap

D. bus

18. Which sound is found in the word “cup”?

A. /ɑː/

B. /ɔː/

C. /æ/

D. /ʌ/

19. Which word contains the sound /æ/?

A. heart

B. bag

C. park

D. door

20. Which pair contains the sounds /ɑː/ and /ɔː/?

A. car – cord

B. cap – cart

C. cup – cut

D. bag – man

ANSWER KEYS

1. D. 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C

6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D

11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B

16. D 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A