Basic Technology JSS 1 Curriculum Guides – Drawing Instruments and Materials | Scales and Scale Drawing | Broad Practice | Freehand Sketching | Types of Building and Materials

THEME – DRAWING PRACTICE 

TOPIC 1 – DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

Drawing instruments and materials

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. define technical drawing.

2. identify, list and use drawing instruments.

3. state necessary precautions in the use, care and storage of drawing instruments and materials.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

INTRODUCTION 

Drawing is a way of representing an object on paper using pencil and other drawing instruments.

Drawing Instruments are instruments used in/for drawing.

TECHNICAL DRAWING

Technical drawing can be defined as a way of representing an object on paper using pencil and other drawing instruments and materials.

This drawing communicates how something works or constructed.

DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS

1. Tee square

2. Set square

3. Pair of compasses

4. French curves

5. Sharpener

6. Drawing board

7. Stencils, etc.

USES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS 

1. Compass

• It is used for drawing a circle.

• It is used for constructing angles.

 

2. Divider

• It is used for placing points on the drawing paper.

3. Set Squares

• It is used for drawing for vertical and horizontal lines turned in different.

 

4. Ruler

• It is used for measuring distance(s) between two or more points.

 

5. Protractor

• It is used for measuring angles.

• It is used for drawing a circle or semi circle.

 

6. T – square

• It is used for drawing horizontal and vertical lines.

 

7. Cleaner or eraser

• It used for cleaning.

 

8. French curves

• It is commonly used by fashion designers for drawing curve.

 

9. Drawing board

• It is used for drawing on a stable surface.

10. Stencils

• It is used for creating letters or designs on a surface.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. displays the instruments, name and demonstrates their uses.

2. demonstrates correct techniques of handling and caring for drawing instruments and materials.

3. corrects inappropriate practice.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. examine, name and describe the instruments.

2. watch teacher’s demonstration and practice appropriate techniques.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to correctly Identify, list and use the drawing instruments.

THEME – DRAWING PRACTICE 

TOPIC 2 – SCALES AND SCALE DRAWING

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Metric rules, pencils, drawing paper, given lines and objects, eraser

2. Drawing board, tee-square and scale rule

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. read the metric rule.

2. use the metric rule to measure lengths and compare sizes.

3. identify scales used in drawing.

4. draw given dimensions to given scales.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Reading Graduation on the Metric Rule

2. Measuring and Comparing given Sizes

3. Scale Drawing – Types of Scale, e.g.

• full size, 1

• reduction scale, e.g. 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:100, etc.

• enlarged scale, e.g. 2:1, 3:1, etc.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. demonstrates correct reading of metric rule.

2. demonstrates techniques of measuring lengths.

3. demonstrates the use of different scales in drawing various lengths.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students watch teacher’s demonstration and practice measurement of lines, drawing lines and lengths of different objects to given scales.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. accurately read and take measurements using the meter and scale rules.

2. draw lines and objects using enlargements and reduction scales.

THEME – DRAWING PRACTICE 

TOPIC 3 – BOARD PRACTICE

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

Drawing instruments and materials

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able,

1. correctly fix drawing sheet to the board.

2. correctly sharpen pencil to conical point and knife edge

3. draw border line

4. place and draw the title block

5. write freehand legible letters and numerals

6. demonstrates safe, clean and correct ways of using and storing drawing instruments and materials …..

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

Basic board practice:

1. Setting drawing paper on the board.

2. Sharpening pencil to conical point and knife edge.

3. Using the tee and set squares for drawing boarder lines and other horizontal and vertical lines.

4. Positioning and drawing the title block.

5. Writing (freehand) legible letters and numerals.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. demonstrates correct techniques/board practice.

2. emphasizes correct techniques and practices.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students watch teacher’s demonstration and techniques.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to correctly use drawing instruments and materials.

THEME – DRAWING PRACTICE 

TOPIC 4 – FREEHAND SKETCHING

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

HB pencil, drawing sheet, sharpener, eraser, board and tee-square.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to make neat freehand sketches of lines curves and irregular shapes.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

Basic freehand techniques of drawing lines, curves, circle and irregular shapes.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. demonstrates correct techniques of freehand sketching.

2. assigns freehand drawing.

3. assists students when necessary during exercises.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. watch teacher’s demonstration.

2. practice freehand sketching.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to correctly draw thin, thick lines, curves, circle and irregular shapes.

THEME – BUILDING 

TOPIC 5 – TYPES OF BUILDING AND MATERIALS

TYPES OF BUILDING AND MATERIALS

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Building plans, cement, sand, gravel

2. Documentary on various types of building, charts and posters etc.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. identify various types of building and common building material.

2. mention uses of buildings.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Types of buildings: bungalow, duplex, detached and semi detached, hut, high rise, sky scrapers, etc.

2. Common building materials: cement, sand, gravel, metal, plastic, wood, glass, leaves, ceramics, grass, etc.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. explains types of building.

2. lists building materials and their uses.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. identify various types of building.

2. identify various types of common building materials and their uses.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. list types of building.

2. list five common types of building materials.