Biology Guides SS 2 Continuity of Life – Pollination in Plants, Reproductive System in Plants and Vertebrates 

Biology Guides SS 2 Continuity of Life – Pollination in Plants, Reproductive System in Plants and Vertebrates 

BIOLOGY 

THEME – CONTINUITY OF LIFE 

TOPIC 1 – POLLINATION IN PLANTS

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Flowers e.g Hibiscus, Maize

2. Slide, microscope

3. The school garden or any other garden.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. define pollination.

2. name and describe the different types of pollination.

3. list the features that aid self pollination.

4. state the characteristics of air pollinated and insect pollinated flowers.

5. state the agents of pollination.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Pollination in Plants,

A. Types of pollination

• Self pollination

• Cross-pollination

B. Features of self-pollinated flower.

C. Features of cross-pollinated flowers.

D. Agents of pollination

• Water

• Insect

• Wind

• Animals

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. asks students to study flowers of different kinds and with a diagram to,

• relate the position of the stigma and stamens to the type of pollination.

•  examine the nature of the pollen grains.

2. Leads students to remove an anther from a flower by

• crushing it on a slide.

• preparing a wet mount and examining the pollen grains under the microscope

3. Explains the agents of pollination.

4. Leads students to visit the school garden and observe insects actively pollinating flowers.

 STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. note the positions of the stigma and the stamens.

2. draw the Diagrams.

3. study the flower as directed by the teacher.

4. prepare and examine slides.

5. discuss observations.

6. discuss the relationship of stamens and stigma.

7. write comprehensive report of visit.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. write two features of self-pollinated flowers.

2. list three agents of pollination.

3. describe two types of pollination.

BIOLOGY 

THEME – CONTINUITY OF LIFE 

TOPIC 2 – REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN PLANTS

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Allamanda, Hibiscus, Pride of Barbados, grass.

2. Ovaries of Pride of Barbados, flamboyant flower.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. identify reproductive organs in plants.

2. distinguish between the essential and non-essential parts of a flower.

3. describe the various reproductive organs of a flower.

4. describe the different kinds of placentation.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Structures and functions of the reproductive organs in plants.

2. Arrangement of reproductive organs in different plants.

3. Types of Flowers

• Hypogenous

• Perigynous

4. Kinds of placentation

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. asks students to examine the various parts of a flower provided.

2. describes each part and points out the essential and non-essential parts.

3. describes the various reproductive organs of a flower and the position of the ovary in each flower.

4. prepares transverse section and longitudinal section of ovaries for students to observe in with hand lens.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

1. examine the various parts of either Allamanda or Pride of Barbados or Hibiscus and grass.

2. draw the position of various ovaries

3. examine the slides with hand lens and note the different kinds of placentation.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. identify three various parts of the flower.

2. draw the ovary position of two flowers.

BIOLOGY 

THEME – CONTINUITY OF LIFE 

TOPIC 3 – REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN VERTEBRATES

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Dissected lizard, fish or any other vertebrate showing the male and female reproductive systems

2. Dissected rats or rabbit showing the male and female reproductive systems

3. Microscope, slide of the fresh sperm of the rat

4. Microscope and slide of the ovum

5. Diagrams of male and female reproductive organs of rat or rabbit

6. Eggs of toad, fish, lizard, chicken or other available named vertebrate

7. Board

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. identify the various parts of the male and female reproductive systems.

2. describe the structures and functions of the male and female reproductive organs of vertebrates.

3. draw and label diagrams of male and female reproductive systems in mammals.

4. draw, label and describe the structures of male and female gametes (sperm and ovum).

5. distinguish between male and female reproductive organs in mammals.

6. distinguish betweeen eggs of vertebrates.

7. compare reproduction in fish, bird, toad, reptile and mammals.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

Reproductive systems in fish, reptile, bird and mammal,

1. Structures of the male and female reproductive systems

2. Parts of the reproductive systems and their functions

3. Structures of the male and female gametes (sperm) and the female gamete (ovum)

4. Differences between male and female reproductive organs

5. Structural differences in the eggs of vertebrates

6. Comparison of reproduction in fish, reptiles and mammals

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. Presents to the students dissected male and female vertebrates showing the reproductive organs.

2. Uses the dissected specimens to explain the functions of the organs of the reproductive systems (male and female)

3. Mounts fresh sperm specimen from a rat under the microscope and drawing students’ attention to the movement

4. Mounts sections of a mammalian ovary under a microscope.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. Examine the reproductive organs in the given specimens.

2. Examine the specimens and note the functions.

3. Compare the male reproductive system with the female reproductive system.

4. View the male gamete (rat’s sperm) under the microscope. Draw and label the sperm.

5. View the female gamete under the microscope and identify the various parts.

6. Distinguish between male and female reproductive organs in mammals.

7. Examine the structural differences in the eggs and record their findings.

8. Compare reproduction in fish, toad, reptiles, birds and mammals.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. draw and label the reproductive system of the male and female mammals.

2. draw and label the sperm.

3. tabulate the distinguishing features in sperm and ovum.

4. discuss three structural differences of the eggs of the various vertebrate.

5. tabulate the differences in the reproduction of fish, reptiles, birds and mammals.