Independent and Dependent Clauses Primary 5 (Basic 5) Second Term Week 5 English Studies

INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) SECOND TERM WEEK 5 ENGLISH STUDIES

ENGLISH STUDIES

SECOND TERM

WEEK 5

PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) 

THEME – STRUCTURE

TOPIC – TYPES OF CLAUSES 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Independent and Dependent Clauses

3. Difference Between Independent and Dependent Clauses

4. Test Questions and Answers

5. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of a clause.

2. Identify independent clauses.

3. Identify dependent clauses.

4. Differentiate between independent and dependent clauses.

5. Use clauses in simple sentences.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils already know how to form simple sentences. This lesson helps them understand sentence parts called clauses.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Sentence charts

2. Flashcards

3. Whiteboard and marker/chalkboard and chalk

4. English textbook

5. Pupils’ notebooks

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.

There are two main types of clauses:

• Independent clause

• Dependent clause

INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

An independent clause is a group of words that has a subject and a verb and gives complete meaning. It can stand alone as a sentence.

Examples:

• I am happy.

• She went to school.

• They are playing football.

• I am going to school.

• She is reading a book.

• They played football.

DEPENDENT CLAUSE

A dependent clause is a group of words that has a subject and a verb but does not give complete meaning. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.

Examples:

• because I was late

• when he arrived

• if you study hard

• when the bell rang

IMPORTANCE OF THE LESSON

This lesson helps pupils to:

• understand sentence structure.

• write better sentences.

• identify complete and incomplete ideas.

• improve grammar and writing skills.

Pupils should listen carefully and practise identifying independent and dependent clauses in sentences.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES

• Independent clause: complete meaning

• Dependent clause: incomplete meaning

Combined Example

I stayed at home because I was sick.

(Independent clause + Dependent clause)

PRACTICE EXERCISE

A. Identify the Clause

Write Independent or Dependent:

1. I went to school

2. because I was tired

3. she is playing

4. when it rained

5. they are happy

B. Complete the Sentences.

Independent clause + Dependent clause

6. I was late _______.

7. She smiled _______.

8. They stayed at home _______.

9. We played outside _______.

10. He cried _______.

ANSWERS

1. Independent

2. Dependent

3. Independent

4. Dependent

5. Independent

6. I was late because I missed the bus

7. She smiled when she saw me

8. They stayed at home because it was raining

9. We played outside after school ended

10. He cried because he was hurt

SUMMARY

Pupils learned that an independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, while a dependent clause cannot stand alone and needs another clause to complete its meaning.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. The teacher introduces the lesson by asking pupils:

• What is a sentence?

• Can a sentence be short or long?

• Do all groups of words give complete meaning?

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond and share ideas.

2. The teacher explains the meaning of a clause.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen attentively and repeat the meaning.

3. The teacher introduces the independent clause and gives examples.

Examples:

• I am going to school.

• She is reading a book.

• They played football.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils identify the complete meaning in each sentence.

4. The teacher introduces the dependent clause and gives examples.

Examples:

• because I was tired.

• when the bell rang.

• if you study hard.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils notice that the clauses do not give complete meaning.

5. The teacher explains the difference between independent and dependent clauses.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and compare both types.

6. The teacher writes combined sentences on the board and explains them.

Example: I went home because I was sick.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils identify the independent and dependent clauses.

7. The teacher guides pupils to give their own examples of clauses.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils form sentences orally.

8. The teacher conducts oral practice by calling out clauses for pupils to identify.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond correctly.

9. The teacher corrects pupils’ mistakes in pronunciation and sentence formation.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat correctly after correction.

10. The teacher summarizes the lesson by revising independent and dependent clauses.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils participate in the summary.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is a clause?

2. What is an independent clause?

3. What is a dependent clause?

4. Give two examples of independent clauses.

5. Give two examples of dependent clauses.