Introductory, Middle and Conclusion Paragraph Primary 6 (Basic 6) First Term Week 5 English Studies

INTRODUCTORY, MIDDLE AND CONCLUSION PARAGRAPH PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) FIRST TERM WEEK 5 ENGLISH STUDIES

ENGLISH STUDIES

FIRST TERM

WEEK 5 

PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) 

THEME – WRITING 

PREVIOUS LESSON – 

TOPIC – INTRODUCTORY, MIDDLE AND CONCLUSION PARAGRAPH

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Types of Paragraphs

3. Importance of Paragraphs

4. Test Questions and Answers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should be able to:

1. define a paragraph.

2. identify the three main types of paragraphs in composition writing.

3. explain the functions of introductory, middle, and conclusion paragraphs.

4. state the features of each type of paragraph.

5. arrange ideas correctly into introductory, middle, and conclusion paragraphs.

6. write simple paragraphs using correct sentence structure and organization.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can read and write a simple composition.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. writing materials

2. Course book

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION 

A paragraph is a group of related sentences that discuss one main idea.

TYPES OF PARAGRAPHS

There are three main parts of a composition paragraph:

• Introductory Paragraph

• Middle Paragraph

• Conclusion Paragraph

1. INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH

The introductory paragraph is the first paragraph in a composition. It introduces the topic and prepares the reader for the main discussion.

Features of an Introductory Paragraph

• It comes first in a composition.

• It introduces the topic.

• It attracts the reader’s attention.

• It gives a brief idea of the composition.

Example

My school is one of the best schools in my town. It is known for discipline, hard work, and academic excellence.

2. MIDDLE PARAGRAPH

The middle paragraph explains the main ideas in detail. It contains supporting points and examples.

Features of a Middle Paragraph

• It comes after the introduction.

• It contains detailed explanations.

• It supports the main topic.

• It uses linking words.

Example

The teachers in my school are hardworking and friendly. The classrooms are neat, and pupils are taught many subjects that help them succeed in life.

3. CONCLUSION PARAGRAPH

The conclusion paragraph is the last paragraph in a composition. It summarizes the ideas and gives a proper ending.

Features of a Conclusion Paragraph

• It comes last in a composition.

• It summarizes the main ideas.

• It gives a final remark.

• It ends the composition properly.

Example

In conclusion, my school is a wonderful place for learning. I am proud to be a pupil of the school.

IMPORTANCE OF PARAGRAPHS

1. It helps organize ideas clearly.

2. It makes writing easy to understand.

3. It improves communication skills.

4. It gives structure to composition writing.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lessons on introductory, middle, and conclusion paragraphs separately.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond to the teacher’s questions and explain what they know about paragraphs.

2. The teacher organizes the pupils into groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Each pupil belongs to a group.

3. The teacher displays charts containing examples of introductory, middle, and conclusion paragraphs for the pupils to read and identify.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils read the paragraphs and identify the different parts of the composition.

4. The teacher uses the charts/flashcards and pupils’ responses to explain the meaning, functions, and features of each type of paragraph.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils pay attention to the lesson, identify the features of each paragraph type, and explain them in their own words.

5. The teacher guides the pupils on how to arrange ideas correctly into introductory, middle, and conclusion paragraphs.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils follow the teacher’s guidance to organize ideas and write simple paragraphs correctly.

6. The teacher gives pupils writing exercises on paragraph development and corrects mistakes where necessary.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils actively participate in the writing exercises and make corrections.

7. The teacher summarizes the lesson on the board and gives appropriate evaluation.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to most of the questions as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. what is a paragraph?

2. mention the three types of paragraphs.

3. what is the function of an introductory paragraph?

4. what does the middle paragraph contain?

5. why is the conclusion paragraph important?

PRACTICE EXERCISES/TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

TEST QUESTIONS

A. Fill in the Blanks

1. A paragraph is a group of related ______.

2. The introductory paragraph comes at the ______ of a composition.

3. The middle paragraph contains the main ______ of the composition.

4. The conclusion paragraph gives a proper ______ to the composition.

5. There are ______ main types of paragraphs in composition writing.

B. Choose the Correct Answer

6. Which paragraph introduces the topic?

A. Middle paragraph

B. Conclusion paragraph

C. Introductory paragraph

D. Final sentence

7. Which paragraph contains supporting details?

A. Introductory paragraph

B. Middle paragraph

C. Conclusion paragraph

D. Title paragraph

8. The conclusion paragraph comes at the _____.

A. beginning

B. middle

C. top

D. end

9. Which of these is a feature of a middle paragraph?

A. It contains supporting ideas

B. It introduces the topic

C. It summarizes the composition

D. It gives greetings

10. A conclusion paragraph should _____.

A. introduce new ideas

B. summarize the main ideas

C. contain only questions

D. confuse the reader

C. Identify the Type of Paragraph

11. My school is one of the best schools in my town.

12. The teachers are hardworking and the classrooms are neat.

13. In conclusion, I am proud to be a pupil of my school.

D. Arrange the Paragraphs Correctly

a. In conclusion, keeping our environment clean is very important.

b. A clean environment helps people stay healthy and safe.

c. Keeping our environment clean is a good habit everyone should practise.

ANSWERS

A. Fill in the Blanks

1. sentences

2. beginning

3. details

4. ending

5. three

B. Multiple Choice

6. C

7. B

8. D

9. A

10. B

C. Types of Paragraphs

11. Introductory paragraph

12. Middle paragraph

13. Conclusion paragraph

D. Correct Arrangement

14. c, b, a