AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE

THEME: AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANISATION

CLASS – SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (SSS 1)

NEXT/PREVIOUS LESSON – Agricultural Science Plan Lesson Notes for Senior Secondary Schools – SSS 1

 

TOPIC – SIMPLE FARM TOOLS USES AND MAINTENANCE

LEARNING AREA

1. Meaning/Definition of Simple Farm Tools

2. Examples of Simple Farm Tools

3. Description of Simple Farm Tools

4. Uses and Maintenance of Simple Farm Tools

 

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most of the students should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of simple farm tools.

2. identify various types of simple farm tools and accessory tools.

3. state their uses.

4. state general maintenance of simple farm tools.

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Different types of farm tools.

2. Local tools fabrication workshops.

 

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

MEANING OF SIMPLE FARM TOOLS

Simple farm tools are basic hand tools and equipment that are commonly used in agriculture for various tasks such as planting, cultivating, harvesting, and maintaining crops. These tools are usually manually operated and do not require complex machinery or power sources to function.

Some examples of simple farm tools include hoes, shovels, rakes, sickles, wheelbarrows, and machetes. These tools are essential for small-scale farming operations and are widely used by farmers in rural areas around the world. Simple farm tools are relatively easy to use, affordable, and can be maintained with minimal resources, making them essential for traditional and sustainable farming practices. Simple farm tools are hand made tools used by small scale farmers. Most of these tools are locally hand made tools.

 

EXAMPLES OF SIMPLE FARM TOOLS

Here are some common simple farm tools –

1. Shovel

2. Hoe

3. Pitchfork

4. Rake

5. Hand trowel

6. Pruning shears

7. Wheelbarrow

8. Watering can

9. Garden hose

10. Scythe

11. Cutlass

12. Basket or head pan

13. Axe and pick axe

14. Spade

 

DESCRIPTION OF EACH OF THE TOOLS

Make some of the simple farm tools available for the students to identify and describe. Based on the student’s description, let them to write in their notes.

 

USES OF SIMPLE FARM TOOLS

1. Shovel is used for digging, lifting, and moving soil, compost, and other materials.

2. Hoe is used for cultivating soil, removing weeds, and breaking up clods of dirt.

3. Pitchfork is used for lifting and turning compost, hay, or straw.

4. Rake is used for gathering leaves, grass clippings, and other debris, as well as leveling soil.

5. Hand trowel is used for planting small plants, digging small holes, and weeding.

6. Pruning shears is used for cutting and shaping plants, trimming branches, and harvesting fruits and vegetables.

7. Wheelbarrow is used for transporting heavy or bulky materials such as soil, mulch, or harvested crops.

8. Watering can is used for watering plants and crops in small areas or containers.

9. Garden hose is used for watering larger areas of crops or gardens.

10. Scythe is used for cutting grass, hay, or other vegetation in larger fields or areas.

11. Cutlass is used for cutting, grasses, trees, planting and transplanting.

12. Basket or head pan is used for carrying farm produce.

13. Axe and pick axe are used both for breaking and prying, the axe for hoeing, skimming, and chopping through roots.

14. Spade is used for digging straight-edged holes or trenches, slicing and lifting sod, and edging flower beds or lawns.

 

GENERAL MAINTENANCE OF SIMPLE FARM TOOLS

Regular maintenance of simple farm tools is essential to ensure efficient and safe operation. By performing regular maintenance on simple farm tools, farmers can prolong their lifespan, improve efficiency, and ensure safe operation on the farm. Some common maintenance tasks for simple farm tools include:

1. Tools should be cleaned regularly to remove dirt, debris, and rust. This helps prevent corrosion and ensures proper function.

2. Cutting tools like knives, shears, and pruners should be sharpened regularly to maintain their cutting efficiency.

3. Moving parts of tools, such as hinges and blades, should be lubricated to reduce friction and prevent wear and tear.

4. Bolts, screws, and other fasteners on tools should be checked regularly and tightened as needed to prevent loosening during use.

5. Tools should be inspected for any signs of damage, such as cracks, bends, or missing parts. These issues should be addressed promptly to prevent further damage or injury.

6. Tools should be stored in a clean, dry place to prevent rust and corrosion. They should also be stored safely to prevent accidents and injuries.

7. Keep records of the movement of farm tools.

8. Tools are not toys, do not allow children to play with tools.

 

PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

Teacher,

1. displays different types of simple farm tools and accessory tools.

2. discuss simple farm tools with regard to identification, description and state uses of each.

3. guide students to state basic maintenance for each tool after use.

4. summarizes the lesson on the board.

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

Students,

1. identify and discuss the various simple farm tools and their uses.

2. state basic maintenance for each tool after use.

3. copy as the teacher writes.

 

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks students to:

1. define simple farm tools.

2. mention and discuss 10 farm tools.

3. state 5 uses of some farm tools.

4. outline 5 the maintenance practices.