Meaning of Digestive System and Digestive Organs | Importance of Digestion to Healthy Human Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 9 Basic Science and Technology

BASIC SCIENCE

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

SECOND TERM

PRIMARY 4

WEEK 9

THEME –  DIGESTION 

 PREVIOUS LESSON – Meaning of Harmful Food | How to Identify Harmful Foods | Dangers of Eating Harmful Foods | Meaning of Over and Under Eating | Good and Bad Feeding Habits Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 8 Basic Science and Technology

 

TOPIC – DIGESTION 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Digestion

3. Digestive System

4. Importance of Digestion to Healthy Human

5. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of digestion.

2. state the digestive organs.

3. discuss the stages of digestive process.

4. mention the importance of digestive system to man.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can state the importance of eating daily.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of food chart showing digestive systems.

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

Scheme of Work

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

Course Book

All Relevant Material

Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON  

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

Living things need food for energy, growth and cellular repair of the body.

To get these nutrients, the food we eat must be first converted.

This process of converting food into nutrients is called digestion.

MEANING OF DIGESTION 

Digestion is the process of converting the food we eat into smaller components to enable our body absorbs its nutrients and gets rid of wastes.

ORGANS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 

The digestion begins with the mouth and ends at the anus.

The different organs of the digestive system are as follows:

• the mouth

• the esophagus

• the stomach

• the small and large intestines

• anus

Each of the above produces the substances that break food down into smaller forms.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 

The digestive system is made of different organs or parts of the body that work together to break down the food we into essential nutrients needed by the body and gets rid of wastes.

 

Mouth

⇓

Pharynx

⇓

Esophagus

⇓

Stomach 

⇓

Small Intestine

⇓

Large Intestine

⇓

Anus

LESSON 2 – THE ORGANS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 

THE MOUTH

Digestive tract begins with the mouth.

When we eat food, we chew it into smaller pieces and swallow it.

Then it mixes with saliva which comes from the Salivary Glands.

THE OESOPHAGUS

The food is mixes with the saliva that comes from the salivary gland and goes down to the food pipe – the oesophagus.

THE STOMACH

From the oesophagus, the food comes down to the stomach for further break down.

THE SMALL INTESTINE

From the stomach, food arrives in the small intestine where the liver, gallbladder and pancreas help to break down and absorb food nutrients such as sugars, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

THE LARGE INTESTINE

The large intestine is the final part of the digestive system where food from small intestine enters the large intestine are absorb water and mineral from the undigested remains.

The undigested remains is pass out as urine and feces.

 

THE ANUS

The anus is the last part of the digestive tract.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF DIGESTION IN HEALTHY HUMAN 

The importance of digestion in healthy human are as follows:

1. It aids growth and development of different parts of the body.

2. It supplies the body nutrients.

3. It removes body waste as feces.

4. It reduces the stress in the body.

5. It boosts the immune system.

REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST) 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher lets the groups or pairs to discuss what happens to the food we eat it?

Pupil’s Activities – Discuss the process of food digestion.

4. Teacher uses the groups or pairs responses to introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of digestion.

5. Teacher leads a discussion on meaning of digestion and digestive system.

Pupil’s Activities – Explain the meaning of digestion and state the digestive system with appropriate chart.

6. Teacher asks pupils to discuss what happens to our body if the food we eat doesn’t digest.

Pupil’s Activities – Discuss the effects of indigestion.

7. Teacher uses pupil’s responses in activity 6 to lead a discussion on the importance of digestion.

Pupil’s Activities – State the importance of digestion to human health.

8. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to appropriate lesson evaluation and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

Next Lesson –

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to:

1. explain the meaning of digestion.

2. state 6 digestive organs.

3. discuss the stages of digestive process.

4. mention 3 importance of digestive system to man.