Crop Production: Meaning, Types and Importance of Crop Production | Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 9 Agriculture

CROP PRODUCTION: MEANING, TYPES AND IMPORTANCE OF CROP PRODUCTION 

AGRICULTURE

PRIMARY 4 – FIRST TERM – WEEK 9

THEME – PREVOCATIONAL STUDIES 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Branches of Agriculture and People Involved in Agricultural Production | Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 8 Agriculture

TOPIC – CROP PRODUCTION 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Types of Crop Production

3. Importance of Crop Production

4. Examples of Crop Production Activities

5. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

6. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of crop production.

2. Mention four types of crop production.

3. Give examples of crops produced under different types of crop production.

4. State five importance of crop production.

5. Mention some activities involved in crop production.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about the branches of agriculture and people involved in agricultural production. This lesson builds on that knowledge by focusing on crop production, its types, activities, and importance.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Pictures of different crops

2. Samples of maize, beans, rice, cassava, and yam

3. Pictures of crop farms

4. Charts showing types of crop production

5. Samples of farm tools

6. Flashcards

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Crop production is an important part of agriculture. Farmers grow different crops such as maize, rice, cassava, yam, beans, fruits, and vegetables for food and other purposes.

Crop production involves growing and caring for crops from planting until they are ready for harvesting. Farmers carry out activities such as land preparation, planting, weeding, applying manure or fertiliser, controlling pests and diseases, and harvesting.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about the meaning of crop production, types of crop production, examples of crops, and the importance of crop production.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF CROP PRODUCTION

Crop production is the process of growing and caring for crops from planting until they are ready for harvesting.

It involves activities such as land preparation, planting, weeding, applying manure or fertiliser, controlling pests and diseases, and harvesting.

Examples of crops include maize, rice, cassava, yam, beans, tomatoes, pepper, and vegetables.

TYPES OF CROP PRODUCTION

1. Subsistence Crop Production – This is growing crops mainly to provide food for the farmer and the farmer’s family.

2. Commercial Crop Production – This involves growing crops mainly for sale and profit.

3. Mixed Crop Production – This involves growing two or more types of crops on the same farm.

4. Plantation Farming – This involves growing crops such as cocoa, rubber, oil palm, and tea on large farms.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF CROP PRODUCTION

Crop production is important because it:

1. Provides food: Crops provide food such as maize, rice, yam, cassava, and vegetables.

2. Provides income: Farmers earn money by selling their crops.

3. Provides employment: Crop production creates jobs for farmers, farm labourers, marketers, and transporters.

4. Provides raw materials: Crops such as cotton, cocoa, and rubber provide materials for industries.

5. Provides foreign exchange: Exporting crops to other countries can help Nigeria earn foreign exchange.

6. Supports industries: Agricultural products are used in processing and manufacturing industries.

7. Provides animal feed: Some crops and crop residues are used to feed livestock.

LESSON 3 – EXAMPLES OF CROP PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES

1. Clearing and preparing the land

2. Planting seeds or seedlings

3. Weeding

4. Applying manure or fertiliser

5. Controlling pests and diseases

6. Watering or irrigating crops

7. Harvesting crops

8. Storing harvested crops

ON A FINAL NOTE 

• Crop production is an important branch of agriculture that involves growing and caring for crops until harvest.

• It provides food, income, employment, raw materials, and foreign exchange, and supports the development of industries.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Crop production is the process of _______.

A. rearing only animals

B. growing and caring for crops

C. growing and caring for crops

D. making farm tools

2. Which of the following is an example of crop production?

A. Growing maize

B. Rearing goats

C. Catching fish

D. Keeping bees

3. Growing crops mainly to provide food for the farmer and family is called _______.

A. commercial crop production

B. plantation farming

C. subsistence crop production

D. mixed farming

4. Growing crops mainly for sale and profit is called _______.

A. subsistence crop production

B. commercial crop production

C. backyard farming

D. home gardening

5. Which of the following is an importance of crop production?

A. It causes food shortage

B. It destroys industries

C. It prevents employment

D. It provides food

B. Fill in the Gaps

6. The process of growing and caring for crops is called _______.

7. Growing crops mainly for the farmer’s family is called _______ crop production.

8. Growing crops mainly for sale and profit is called _______ crop production.

9. _______ is an example of a crop produced by farmers.

10. Crop production provides _______ for people to eat.

C. True or False

11. Crop production involves growing and caring for crops. _______

12. Maize and cassava are examples of crops. _______

13. Commercial crop production is mainly for sale and profit. _______

14. Subsistence crop production is mainly for export to other countries. _______

15. Crop production can provide employment and income. _______

D. Matching

16. Mixed Crop Production — A. Growing crops mainly for sale

17. Plantation Farming — B. Growing two or more crops on the same farm

18. Commercial Crop Production — C. Growing and caring for crops

19. Subsistence Crop Production — D. Growing crops mainly for family food

20. Crop Production — E. Growing crops on large farms

ANSWER KEY

1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D

6. Crop production

7. Subsistence

8. Commercial

9. Maize

10. Food

11. True

12. True

13. True

14. False

15. True

16. Mixed Crop Production — B. Growing two or more crops on the same farm

17. Plantation Farming — E. Growing crops on large farms

18. Commercial Crop Production — A. Growing crops mainly for sale

19. Subsistence Crop Production — D. Growing crops mainly for family food

20. Crop Production — C. Growing and caring for crops

SUMMARY

Pupils learned that crop production is the process of growing and caring for crops from planting until harvesting.

They learned about subsistence crop production, commercial crop production, mixed crop production, and plantation farming.

They also learned that crop production provides food, income, employment, raw materials, animal feed, and foreign exchange.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

The teacher asks pupils:

• What crops do farmers grow?

• Can you mention some crops you have seen on a farm?

• Why do farmers grow crops?

• What activities do farmers carry out before harvesting crops?

The teacher explains that growing and caring for crops is an important agricultural activity called crop production.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions and mention crops they know.

Step 2: Meaning of Crop Production

The teacher explains that crop production is the process of growing and caring for crops from planting until they are ready for harvesting.

The teacher explains that activities involved in crop production include:

• Land Preparation: Preparing the land for planting.

• Planting: Putting seeds or seedlings into the soil.

• Weeding: Removing unwanted plants from the farm.

• Applying Manure or Fertiliser: Providing nutrients needed for healthy crop growth.

• Pest and Disease Control: Protecting crops from harmful pests and diseases.

• Harvesting: Gathering mature crops from the farm.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils define crop production and mention activities involved in crop production.

Step 3: Types of Crop Production

The teacher explains the different types of crop production:

• Subsistence Crop Production: Growing crops mainly to provide food for the farmer and the farmer’s family.

• Commercial Crop Production: Growing crops mainly for sale and profit.

• Mixed Crop Production: Growing two or more types of crops on the same farm.

• Plantation Farming: Growing crops on large farms, usually on a large scale.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the types of crop production and explain their meanings.

Step 4: Importance of Crop Production

The teacher explains that crop production:

• Provides food for people.

• Provides income for farmers.

• Creates employment.

• Provides raw materials for industries.

• Provides animal feed.

• Provides foreign exchange through exportation.

• Supports economic development.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils state the importance of crop production.

Step 5: Group Activity

The teacher divides pupils into four groups:

• Group 1: Explain the meaning of crop production.

• Group 2: Mention four types of crop production.

• Group 3: Mention five activities involved in crop production.

• Group 4: State five importance of crop production.

The teacher guides the groups and allows each group to present its answers to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss, write, and present their answers to the class.

Step 6: Lesson Summary

The teacher reviews the meaning of crop production, its types, activities involved in crop production, and its importance.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise the lesson.

Step 7: Evaluation

The teacher gives pupils a different set of 20 questions as oral questions, a quiz, take-home work, or a quick test to assess their understanding of the meaning, types, and importance of crop production.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions individually or in groups.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Rearing of Animals: Meaning and Types of Domestic Animals and Reasons for Domestic Animals Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 10 agriculture

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is crop production?

2. Mention four types of crop production.

3. What is subsistence crop production?

4. What is commercial crop production?

5. State five importance of crop production.