Measuring Time | Standard Units of Time | Instruments for Measuring Time Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 2 Week 10 Basic Science and Technology

BASIC SCIENCE

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SECOND TERM 

WEEK 10

PRIMARY 4

THEME: MEASUREMENT 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Measuring the Volume of Regular and Irregular Solid Objects or Shapes Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 2 Week 9 Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC: MEASUREMENT OF TIME 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Time

3. Description of Clock

4. Basic Unit of Time

5. Project

6. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. devise ways to measure time;

2. state the standard unit for measuring time;

3. name the instrument for measuring time;

4. use standard instruments to measure time;

5. construct and use simple time devices.

ENTRY BEHAVIOURS

The pupils can say the time for breakfast, lunch and dinner, school assembly, short and long break, closing time for junior and senior pupils, time for religion activities, etc.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. A chart showing some time measuring devices.

2. A chart on the standard units for measuring time.

3. Stop watches

4. Empty bottles

5. Water

6. Shoes with laces,

7. Plastic funnels and dry sieved sand

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

2. Lagos State Scheme of work

3. Basic Science and Technology

4. All Relevant Materials

5. Online Materials

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

There are many events around.

We use clock to measure events around.

For examples, the time for

• Breakfast, lunch and dinner

• School assembly

• Short and long break

• Closing

• Church service on Sunday

• Jumaat service on Friday, etc.

A clock is one of the instruments for measuring time.

Time is the ongoing sequence of events taken place. It is also the past, present and future.

The time of day is built around a 24 hour clock and there are 2 ways to tell the time based on the hour and minute of the day – AM/Pm or 24 hour clock.

DIFFERENT PARTS OF A CLOCK

The clock has different parts.

Each part is normal called hand.

That’s,

1. Second hand

2. Minute hand

3. Hour hand

The second hand is the smallest hand.

SECOND

Second is used for measuring a short length of time.

Digital stopwatch or clock is the best and easiest equipment used for measuring seconds.

It is very important to able to read analog

MINUTES

Minute is used for measuring time that is likely to be longer than 60 seconds.

The best equipment for measuring minutes is stop clock or watch.

Ordinary watches/clocks can be used but your measurements may not be accurate.

HOUR

Hour is used for measuring a longer period of time usually a day or week.

The best equipment for measuring hours is clock or watch.

INSTRUMENTS/MATERIALS FOR MEASURING TIME

Throughout history, there are various instruments or materials that have been used to measure time such as –

1. Table clock

2. Wall clock

3. Wrist watch

4. Hourglass

5. Candle sticks

6. Pendulum clock

7. Sundial

8. Chronometer

9. Sunlight

LESSON 2 – METRIC UNITS OF TIME

The basic unit of time is the second.

There are also minutes, hours, days, weeks, months and years.

Other are decade, centuries and millennia.

For examples,

60 seconds = 1 minute

60 minutes = 1 hour

24 hours = 1 day

7 days = 1 Week

52 weeks = 1 year

365 days = 1 year

QUESTIONS ABOUT TIME

1. What are the days of the week?

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday.

2. What are the months of the year?

January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.

3. What are the months of the year?

Each calendar year is exactly 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 46 seconds.

4. Sing the song about the months.

30 days hath September,

April, June, and November

All the rest have 31,

Excepting February alone,

And that has 28 days clear

And 29 in each leap year.

5. What do AM and PM stand for?

AM stands AM for ante meridian, which means before noon.

PM stands for post meridian, which means afternoon.

6. What is the difference between a millennium and a century?

A millennium is 1,000 years.

A century is 100 consecutive calendar years.

7. Complete the following:

• 7 days = _______ week.

• 3 months = _______ year.

• 6 months = _______ semester.

• 12 months = _______ year.

• 10 years = _______ decade.

• 100 years = _______ century.

• 1000 years = _______ millennium.

ANSWER KEY 

• 1 week

• Quarter year

• 1 semester

• 1 year

• 1 decade

• 1 century

• 1 millennium

INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY

Drawing a wall clock, table clock and wrist watch.

LESSON 3 – FIELD ACTIVITY/SPORT

Teacher’s Activity 

• Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

• Teacher lets each groups or pair to choose 2 or more representative.

• Teacher gets support from colleagues to measure the time taken.

 

GROUP/PAIR ACTIVITY 1 – Filling an empty bottle of water.

GROUP/ACTIVITY 2 – Fastening and loosening shoe laces.

Group/ACTIVITY 3 – Run from one end of the football field to the other, etc.

 

PROJECT

Construct and use simple measuring device such wall clock or Pendulum clock

 

Other method – Measurement of Time – Meaning of Time | Description of Clock | Basic Unit of Time | Measuring Time Project Primary 4 (Basic 4) – Basic Science and Technology ASEI PDSI METHOD

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. Teacher revises the previous lesson.

2. Teacher organizes the pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify the groups or pairs he/she belongs.

3. Teacher displays wall clock, clock table or wrist watch.

4. Teacher lets pupils identify each object, differentiate and state their uses.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify the wall clock, clock table or wrist watch and state their uses.

5. Teacher leads pupils to state some of the events time is used for.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively on the important uses of time.

6. Teacher uses pupil’s responses to introduce the lesson – Measuring the time.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of measuring time.

7. Teacher leads a analyze the importance of time in our daily activities with appropriate illustrations.

Pupil’s Activities – State the usefulness of home.

8. Teacher helps pupils to identify and state the metric units of time using the function of each clock’s hands.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify metric units using clock at home

9. Teacher displays chart showing different instruments for measuring time.

10. Teacher explain each of the instruments.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify and describe as explained by the teacher.

11. Teacher leads a discussion on questions about time.

Pupil’s Activities – Answer most of the questions about time.

12. Teacher uses the existing groups or pairs for field activities as stated in lesson 3.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify their group members or pairs.

13. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Shape Construction with Paper | Materials and Cutting for Shape Construction with Paper Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 2 Week 11 Basic Science and Technology

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks pupils to:

1. devise ways to measure time.

2. state the standard units for measuring time.

3. name three instruments for measuring time

4. use standard instruments to measure time

5. construct and use simple time devices.

6. state 5 instruments used for measuring time.

7. complete the following:

• 7 days = _______ week.

• 3 months = _______ year.

• 6 months = _______ semester.

• 12 months = _______ year.

• 10 years = _______ decade.

• 100 years = _______ century.

• 1000 years = _______ millennium.