Periodic Table: Meaning and Examples of Atoms and Elements, Meaning of the Periodic Table, and the First Ten Elements with Their Symbols Primary 6 (Basic 6) Second Term Week 8 Basic Science and Technology

PERIODIC TABLE: MEANING AND EXAMPLES OF ATOMS AND ELEMENTS, MEANING OF THE PERIODIC TABLE, AND THE FIRST TEN ELEMENTS WITH THEIR SYMBOLS PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) SECOND TERM WEEK 8 BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SECOND TERM

WEEK 8

PRIMARY 6 (BASIC 6) 

THEME – LEARNING ABOUT OUR ENVIRONMENT 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Colours: Meaning and Types of Colours, Components of Light (Rainbow), Colour Production (Mixing Colours), and Natural Sources of Colour Primary 6 (Basic 6) Second Term Week 6 Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC – ATOMS AND ELEMENTS 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Examples of Atoms and Elements

3. Meaning of the Periodic Table

4. The First Ten Elements with Their Symbols

5. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

6. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define an atom.

2. Define an element.

3. Give examples of elements.

4. Explain the meaning of the periodic table.

5. State the importance of the periodic table.

6. Identify the first ten elements and their symbols.

7. Match the first ten elements with their correct symbols.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about matter, materials, and their properties. They know that everything around them is made of matter.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by explaining that matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms form elements, and these elements are arranged in a special chart called the periodic table. Pupils will also learn the first ten elements and their chemical symbols.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Periodic table chart

2. Flash cards showing elements and symbols

3. Charts of atoms

4. Science textbooks

5. Marker board

6. Worksheets

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Everything around us, including the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, and the objects we use, is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms join together to form elements, which are the basic substances that make up all materials.

Scientists have discovered many different elements and arranged them in a special chart called the periodic table. Each element has a name and a chemical symbol, making it easy to identify and study.

In this lesson, pupils will learn the meaning of atoms and elements, the meaning of the periodic table, and the first ten elements with their symbols.

MEANING OF AN ATOM

An atom is the smallest particle of an element that can still behave like that element. Atoms are too small to be seen with the naked eye.

Everything around us is made up of atoms.

MEANING OF AN ELEMENT

An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. Each element has its own name and chemical symbol.

Examples of elements include:

• Hydrogen (H)

• Oxygen (O)

• Carbon (C)

• Iron (Fe)

• Gold (Au)

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

• Atoms are the building blocks of elements.

• An element is made up of only one kind of atom.

• Different elements have different kinds of atoms.

• When atoms of different elements combine, they form compounds.

Examples

• Hydrogen is made up of hydrogen atoms only.

• Oxygen is made up of oxygen atoms only.

• Carbon is made up of carbon atoms only.

MEANING OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

The periodic table is a chart that shows all the known chemical elements. It arranges the elements in a special order according to their properties and atomic numbers.

Each element in the periodic table has:

• A name

• A chemical symbol

The periodic table helps scientists and students identify and study the different elements.

IMPORTANCE OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

1. It helps us identify chemical elements.

2. It shows the symbols of elements.

3. It groups elements with similar properties.

4. It helps scientists study and compare elements.

5. It makes learning chemistry easier.

THE FIRST TEN ELEMENTS AND THEIR SYMBOLS

Element – Symbol

1. Hydrogen – H

2. Helium – He

3. Lithium – Li

4. Beryllium – Be

5. Boron – B

6. Carbon – C

7. Nitrogen – N

8. Oxygen – O

9. Fluorine – F

10. Neon – Ne

The periodic table is a chart that arranges all the known chemical elements. Each element has a name and a chemical symbol. The first ten elements are Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), Lithium (Li), Beryllium (Be), Boron (B), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Fluorine (F), and Neon (Ne).

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. The smallest particle of an element is called ________.

A. atom

B. compound

C. molecule

D. mixture

2. An element is made up of ________.

A. only one type of atom

B. different kinds of atoms

C. water and air

D. metals only

3. The periodic table is a chart that shows ________.

A. plants and animals

B. all the known chemical elements

C. different colours

D. the planets

4. The chemical symbol for Oxygen is ________.

A. Ox

B. OX

C. O₂

D. O

5. Which of the following is the symbol for Carbon?

A. Ca

B. Co

C. C

D. Cr

B. Fill in the Blanks

6. An ______ is the smallest particle of an element.

7. An ______ is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom.

8. The symbol for Hydrogen is ______.

9. The symbol for Helium is ______.

10. The symbol for Neon is ______.

C. True or False

11. Atoms are the building blocks of elements. ______

12. The periodic table contains all known chemical elements. ______

13. The symbol for Nitrogen is N. ______

14. Carbon has the symbol Ca. ______

15. Oxygen is one of the first ten elements. ______

D. Short Answer Questions

16. What is an atom?

17. What is an element?

18. What is the periodic table?

19. Write the names and symbols of the first five elements.

20. State three importance of the periodic table.

ANSWER KEYS

1. A – Atom

2. A – Only one type of atom

3. B – All the known chemical elements

4. D – O

5. C – C

6. Atom

7. Element

8. H

9. He

10. Ne

11. True

12. True

13. True

14. False

15. True

16. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element.

17. An element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom.

18. The periodic table is a chart that arranges all the known chemical elements according to their properties and atomic numbers.

19. The first five elements and their symbols are:

• Hydrogen – H

• Helium – He

• Lithium – Li

• Beryllium – Be

• Boron – B

20. Any three:

• It helps us identify chemical elements.

• It shows the symbols of elements.

• It groups elements with similar properties.

• It helps scientists study elements.

• It makes learning chemistry easier.

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that an atom is the smallest particle of an element, while an element is a pure substance made up of only one type of atom. They also learned that atoms are the building blocks of elements.

Pupils learned that the periodic table is a chart that arranges all the known chemical elements according to their properties and atomic numbers. They also learned that each element has a name and a chemical symbol.

Finally, pupils identified the first ten elements and their symbols:

• Hydrogen (H)

• Helium (He)

• Lithium (Li)

• Beryllium (Be)

• Boron (B)

• Carbon (C)

• Nitrogen (N)

• Oxygen (O)

• Fluorine (F)

• Neon (Ne)

The periodic table helps us identify, study, and compare the different chemical elements.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. The teacher displays a chart of the periodic table and pictures showing atoms and elements.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the charts and identify the periodic table.

2. The teacher explains the meaning of an atom and an element.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils define an atom and an element and state the relationship between them.

3. The teacher explains the meaning and importance of the periodic table.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils describe the periodic table and state its importance.

4. The teacher introduces the first ten elements and writes their names and symbols on the board.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils read aloud the names and symbols of the first ten elements.

5. The teacher uses flash cards to match each element with its correct symbol.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils match the names of the elements with their symbols.

6. The teacher guides pupils to identify the first ten elements on the periodic table chart.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils point to and identify the first ten elements on the chart.

7. The teacher asks oral questions on atoms, elements, the periodic table, and the symbols of the first ten elements.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions and participate actively.

8. The teacher summarizes the lesson.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils participate in the summary and write the key points in their notebooks.

9. The teacher gives classwork, marks pupils’ responses, and provides corrections where necessary.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils complete the exercise and correct their mistakes.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Introduction to Woodwork: Hand tools and Classification of Hand Tools used for Making Woodwork Primary 6 (Basic 6) Second Term Week 9 Basic Science and Technology

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is an atom?

2. What is an element?

3. Explain the relationship between atoms and elements.

4. What is the periodic table?

5. State three importance of the periodic table.

6. Write the names and symbols of the first ten elements.

7. Match the following elements with their correct symbols:

• Hydrogen

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Helium

• Neon