Population and Housing: Meaning of Population, Relationship Between Population and Availability of Houses, Reasons Everybody Does Not Own a House in Nigeria and Solutions to Housing Shortage | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 3 Social Studies

POPULATION AND HOUSING: MEANING OF POPULATION, RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION AND AVAILABILITY OF HOUSES, REASONS EVERYONE DOES NOT OWN A HOUSE IN NIGERIA AND SOLUTIONS TO HOUSING SHORTAGE

SOCIAL STUDIES

PRIMARY 5 – THIRD TERM – WEEK 3

THEME – NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Features of Adequate Housing: Qualities of a Good House and Differences in the Housing Needs of Urban and Rural Settlements | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 2 Social Studies

TOPIC – POPULATION AND HOUSING 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Population

3. Relationship between Population and Availability of Houses

4. Why Everybody does not own a House in Nigeria

5. Solutions to Housing Shortage

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of population.

2. Explain the relationship between population and the availability of houses.

3. State at least five reasons why everybody does not own a house in Nigeria.

4. Explain how population growth can contribute to housing shortage.

5. Mention at least five solutions to housing shortage.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about the features of adequate housing, the qualities of a good house, and the differences between the housing needs of urban and rural settlements.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by teaching pupils about population, the relationship between population and the availability of houses, reasons why everybody does not own a house in Nigeria, and solutions to housing shortage.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Pictures of crowded and less-crowded settlements

2. Pictures of different houses

3. Charts showing population and housing

4. Flashcards

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

People live in different communities, towns, and cities, and the number of people living in these places is not the same. As the number of people increases, more people need houses to live in.

For example, when many people move to a city in search of jobs and other opportunities, the demand for houses increases. If enough houses are not available, overcrowding and housing shortage may occur.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about the meaning of population, the relationship between population and the availability of houses, reasons everybody does not own a house in Nigeria, and solutions to housing shortage.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF POPULATION

Population is the total number of people living in a particular place at a given time.

For example, the population of a town is the number of people living in that town.

Population can be:

Small – when only a few people live in an area.

Large – when many people live in an area.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION AND AVAILABILITY OF HOUSES

Population and housing are closely related. When the number of people in an area increases, the demand for houses also increases.

For example, when many people move to a city looking for jobs, more people need places to live. If enough houses are not built, there may be a housing shortage.

A rapidly growing population can lead to:

1. Increased demand for houses.

2. Overcrowding.

3. Higher house rents.

4. Development of informal settlements.

5. Pressure on water, electricity, roads, and other facilities.

However, when enough houses are available for the population, people are more likely to have safe and comfortable places to live.

LESSON 2 – WHY EVERYBODY DOES NOT OWN A HOUSE IN NIGERIA

Not everybody owns a house because of several reasons:

1. High cost of building materials – Cement, roofing materials, iron rods, and other materials can be expensive.

2. High cost of land – Land is expensive, especially in many urban areas.

3. Low income – Some people do not earn enough money to build or buy a house.

4. High cost of house purchase – Ready-made houses can be very expensive.

5. High house rents – Some people spend a large part of their income on rent.

6. Lack of access to housing loans – Some people cannot easily obtain loans to build or buy houses.

7. Rapid population growth – The number of people needing houses may grow faster than the number of houses being provided.

8. Poverty – Poor families may find it difficult to save enough money for house ownership.

9. Poor planning – Inadequate town planning can make it difficult to provide sufficient housing in some areas.

LESSON 3 – SOLUTIONS TO HOUSING SHORTAGE

Housing shortage can be reduced through the following measures:

1. Government should build affordable houses for low- and middle-income families.

2. Housing loans should be made easier to obtain by qualified citizens.

3. Property developers should build more affordable houses.

4. Housing cooperatives should be encouraged so members can contribute towards house ownership.

5. Town planning should be improved to provide enough residential areas.

6. Basic infrastructure should be provided, including roads, water, electricity, and drainage.

7. Use of affordable and suitable building materials should be encouraged.

8. More houses should be built in areas with growing populations.

9. People should save and plan properly towards acquiring houses.

10. Government should support low-income families through suitable housing programmes.

ON A FINAL NOTE

• Population is the total number of people living in a particular place at a given time.

• As population increases, the demand for houses also increases.

• When houses are not provided in sufficient numbers, housing shortages and overcrowding may occur.

• Housing shortage can be reduced through affordable housing, accessible loans, proper town planning, improved infrastructure, and increased housing development.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Population means the total number of people living in a ______.

A. particular place at a given time

B. single house

C. school only

D. market

2. When the population of an area increases, the demand for houses usually ______.

A. decreases

B. increases

C. disappears

D. remains impossible

3. Which of the following can cause housing shortage?

A. Too many houses

B. Good town planning

C. Rapid population growth

D. Affordable housing

4. One reason why everybody does not own a house in Nigeria is ______.

A. low cost of land

B. availability of free houses

C. low house prices

D. high cost of building materials

5. Which of the following can help reduce housing shortage?

A. Building more affordable houses

B. Increasing house rents

C. Reducing housing development

D. Preventing people from building houses

B. Fill in the Gaps

Options – shortage, houses, income, population, loans

6. The total number of people living in a place is called ______.

7. An increase in population can increase the demand for ______.

8. When there are not enough houses for people, there is a housing ______.

9. Low ______ can make it difficult for some people to own houses.

10. Housing ______ can help qualified people build or buy houses.

C. True or False

11. Population is the total number of people living in a particular place at a given time. ______

12. An increase in population can increase the demand for houses. ______

13. Everyone in Nigeria owns a house. ______

14. High cost of building materials can make house ownership difficult. ______

15. Building affordable houses can help reduce housing shortage. ______

D. Matching

16. Population – A. Can make house ownership difficult

17. Housing Shortage – B. Total number of people in a place

18. High cost of building materials – C. More people need places to live

19. Population growth – D. Not enough houses for the people

20. Affordable housing – E. Can help reduce housing shortage

ANSWER KEY

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A

6. population

7. houses

8. shortage

9. income

10. loans

11. True

12. True

13. False

14. True

15. True

16. B – Total number of people in a place

17. D – Not enough houses for the people

18. A – Can make house ownership difficult

19. C – More people need places to live

20. E – Can help reduce housing shortage

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that population is the total number of people living in a particular place at a given time.

They learned that when the population of an area increases, the demand for houses also increases. When the number of houses is not enough for the people, housing shortage may occur. This can lead to overcrowding and high house rents.

Pupils also learned that not everybody owns a house in Nigeria because of reasons such as:

• High cost of building materials

• High cost of land

• Low income

• High cost of houses

• Poverty

• Difficulty in obtaining housing loans

• Rapid population growth

• Poor town planning

They learned that housing shortage can be reduced by building affordable houses, providing housing loans, improving town planning and infrastructure, encouraging housing cooperatives, and increasing the supply of houses.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

The teacher shows pupils pictures of a crowded settlement and a settlement with fewer people and asks:

• What do you notice in the pictures?

• Which place has more people?

• What happens when many people need houses but there are not enough houses?

• Why do people need houses?

The teacher explains that the number of people living in a place affects the need for houses.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the pictures and discuss what they notice.

Step 2: Meaning of Population

The teacher explains that population is the total number of people living in a particular place at a given time.

• For example, the population of a village is the number of people living in that village.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain population in their own words and give examples of places with populations.

Step 3: Relationship Between Population and Availability of Houses

The teacher explains that population and housing are closely related.

• When the number of people in an area increases, the demand for houses also increases. If houses are not provided in sufficient numbers, housing shortage may occur.

• For example, when many people move to a city in search of jobs, more houses are needed.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss what may happen when many people need houses but only a few houses are available.

Step 4: Effects of Increasing Population on Housing

The teacher explains that rapid population growth can lead to:

• Increased demand for houses.

• Housing shortage.

• Overcrowding.

• High house rents.

• Development of informal settlements.

• Pressure on water, electricity, roads, and other facilities.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention problems that can occur when too many people live in an area without enough houses.

Step 5: Why Everybody Does Not Own a House in Nigeria

The teacher explains that not everybody owns a house because of several reasons.

• High Cost of Building Materials – Cement, roofing materials, iron rods, and other materials can be expensive.

• High Cost of Land – Land can be expensive, especially in many urban areas.

• Low Income – Some people do not earn enough money to build or buy a house.

• High Cost of Houses – Already-built houses may be too expensive for some families.

• Poverty – Poor families may find it difficult to save enough money for house ownership.

• Difficulty in Obtaining Housing Loans – Some people may not have easy access to loans for building or buying houses.

• Rapid Population Growth – More people may need houses than the number of houses being provided.

• Poor Town Planning – Poor planning can make it difficult to provide enough suitable residential areas.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention reasons why some families may find it difficult to own houses.

Step 6: Solutions to Housing Shortage

The teacher explains that housing shortage can be reduced by:

• Building affordable houses – Government and private developers can provide houses that ordinary people can afford.

• Providing accessible housing loans – Qualified people can be supported with loans to build or buy houses.

• Encouraging housing cooperatives – People can contribute money together to acquire houses.

• Improving town planning – Residential areas should be properly planned.

• Providing infrastructure – Roads, water, electricity, and drainage should be provided.

• Encouraging affordable building materials – Suitable and affordable materials can help reduce building costs.

• Building more houses in growing communities – More houses should be provided where the population is increasing.

• Supporting low-income families – Suitable government housing programmes can assist people with low incomes.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils suggest ways government, communities, and individuals can help reduce housing shortage.

Step 7: Importance of Adequate Housing

The teacher reminds pupils that adequate housing:

• Provides shelter.

• Protects people from bad weather.

• Protects lives and property.

• Promotes good health.

• Provides privacy and comfort.

• Helps families live safely.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils state why having a good house is important.

Step 8: Group Activity

The teacher divides pupils into three groups.

• Group 1: Explain the meaning of population and state its relationship with housing.

• Group 2: Mention six reasons why everybody does not own a house in Nigeria.

• Group 3: Mention six solutions to housing shortage.

Each group presents its answers to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss, write, and present their answers.

Step 9: Lesson Summary

The teacher reviews the main points of the lesson, focusing on population, its relationship with housing, reasons for housing shortage, and solutions to the problem.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise what they have learned.

Step 10: Evaluation

The teacher gives pupils a different set of 20 questions as oral questions, a quiz, take-home work, or a quick test to assess their understanding.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions individually or in groups.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Personal Hygiene and Physical Development: Meaning of Personal Hygiene and Physical Development, Characteristics of Physical Development and Factors That Can Hinder Growth in Children | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 4 Social Studies

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is population?

2. Explain the relationship between population and the availability of houses.

3. Mention five reasons why everybody does not own a house in Nigeria.

4. State five solutions to housing shortage.

5. How can rapid population growth affect the availability of houses?

6. Mention three problems caused by housing shortage.

Why is affordable housing important?