Soil – Meaning (Types) and Properties of Soil (Primary 2 and Primary 3)

BASIC SCIENCE

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

FIRST TERM/ PRIMARY 3/ WEEK 7

THIRD TERM/ PRIMARY 2/ WEEK 9

THEME – LEARNING ABOUT OUR ENVIRONMENT 

PREVIOUS LESSON – The Sense of Touch (Skin ) and Its Importance Primary 2 (Basic 2) Term Week 8 Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC – SOIL TYPES 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Types of Soil

3. Properties of Soil

4. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of soil.

2. mention different types of soil.

3. observe and describe the physical properties of soil types.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can identify and state some of the uses of soil.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Samples of garden soil (clay, loamy and sandy soils)

2. Hand lens

3. Sieve

4. Filter paper

5. Containers

6. Funnel

7. Water

8. Hoe or shovel.

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

• Primary 3 – Scheme of Work and Plan Lesson Notes (All Subjects)

• First Term Workbook – Weekly Assessment for Basic Science and Technology (Primary 3)

CONTENT OF THE LESSON  

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

Soil is the top layer of the earth (ground).

TYPES OF SOIL

There are three types of soil,

1. Sandy soil – Light brown or bright white

2. Clay soil – Red

3. Loamy soil – black

1. CLAY SOIL 

Clay soil is the solid parts of the soil used for moulding and building of houses.

2. SANDY SOIL

Sandy soil is the loose parts of the soil used for building of houses and construction of roads.

2. LOAMY SOIL 

Loamy soil is the best parts of the soil used for growing crops.

It combines the good parts of clay and sandy.

LESSON 2 – PROPERTIES OF SOIL 

COLOUR 

1. Sandy soil – light brown or bright white

2. Clay soil – Red

3. Loamy soil – black

 

TEXTURE

1. Sandy soil – loose

2. Clay soil – sticky when wet and hard when dry

3. Loamy – soft

PARTICLES SIZES 

1. Sandy soil – large or heavy particles

2. Clay soil – little or light particles

3. Loamy soil – moderate particles

LESSON 3 – REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST) 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher take pupils as groups or pupils for walk with the school to collect sample of different soils.

4. Teacher lets pupils identify and state the importance of soil.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify and analyze the importance of soil in their communities.

5. Teacher uses the samples of soil and pupil’s responses to introduce the lesson and discuss the meaning types of soil.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of the lesson.

6. Teacher guides pupils to observe and identify the colour, texture and particles size of the soil samples.

Pupil’s Activities – Observe and describe the colour, texture and particles size of the soil samples.

7. Teacher uses the pupil’s responses in step 6 to introduce and discuss the soil properties.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify the properties of each type of soil.

8. Teacher guides pupils to compare sandy and clay soils by moulding.

Pupil’s Activities – Identify and describe the different between sandy and clay soil.

9. Teacher summarizes the lessons on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding to the questions and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Next Lesson – Meaning and Properties of Sandy Soil | Organisms in sandy Soil Primary 2 (Basic 2) Term 3 Week 10 Basic Science and Technology

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to, 

1. explain the meaning of soil.

2. state the 3 types of Soil.

3. state the colour texture and particles of each of the following:

• Sandy soil

• Clay soil

• Loamy soil