Meaning of Acids and Bases | Properties of Acids and Bases | Types of Acids and Bases | Uses of Acids and Bases Primary 5 (Basic 5) Term 3 Week 2 Basic Science and Technology

BASIC SCIENCE

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

THIRD TERM

WEEK 2

PRIMARY 5 

THEME – LIVING AND NON LIVING 

PREVIOUS LESSON –  Revision of Second Term’s Work and Examination 

TOPIC – ACIDS AND BASES 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Properties of Acids

3. Meaning and Properties of Bases

4. Types of Acids and Bases

5. Uses of Acids and Bases

6. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. give examples of acids and bases.

2. list some physical properties of acids and bases.

3. state types of acids and bases.

4. list some uses of acids and bases.

5. distinguish between acids and bases.

6. name local materials used in making soap.

7. identify the active ingredients in the local material used in making soap.

8. make soap from local materials.

9. state the uses of soap.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils differentiate between the taste of orange and lime orange.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Lemon

2. Wood ash

3. Water

4. Blue and red litmus papers

METHOD OF TEACHING 

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON  

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITIES

Teacher guides pupils in groups or pairs to carry out the following activities on properties of acids,

1. Put a little of this solution in a test tube.

2. Bend the test tube and touch the solution with the tip of your middle finger.

3. Rub the solution between the tip of your middle finger and your thumb.

4. How does the solution feel?

5. Test the solution with lithium paper. And also, the mixture of wood ash and water.

MEANING OF ACIDS 

Acids are chemical substances in almost liquid, commonly in unripe fruit.

PROPERTIES OF ACIDS 

The properties of acids are as follows:

1. Acids taste sour.

2. It turns blue litmus paper to red.

3. Strong acids can burn skin when touched.

4. It conducts electricity.

TYPES OF ACIDS

The following are types of acids,

1. Hydrochloric acid

2. Tetraoxosulphate (vi) acid

USES OF ACIDS 

The uses of acids are as follows:

1. It is used for bodies building – fruits and vitamins.

2. It used for manufacturing fertilizer, dye and explosives.

LESSON 2 – MEANING OF BASE 

Bases are chemical substances opposite to acids.

 

PROPERTIES OF BASES

The properties of bases are as follows:

1. Bases have slippery or soapy feel.

2. Bases turn red litmus paper to blue.

TYPES OF BASES

The following are the types of bases,

1. Sodium hydroxide

2. Potassium hydroxide

USES OF BASES

The uses of bases are as follows:

1. It is used for cleaning.

2. It is used for manufacturing soaps, rayon and paper.

CLOSING REMARKS 

Acids and bases are two kinds of special chemicals.

Some or almost all liquids are either acids or bases to some degree.

Acids taste sour while bases taste bitter.

LESSON 3 – REVISION AND WEEK LESSON ASSESSMENT 

As stated in performance objectives or lesson evaluation. 

Alternative Plan Lesson Note on Acids and Bases – Acids and Bases – Meaning (Types) of Acid and Base and Uses of Acid and Base (Primary 5) ASEI PDSI METHOD

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher provides oranges and lime orange.

4. Teacher asks to describe between the taste of orange and lime orange.

5. Teacher listens to the pupils and uses their responses to introduce the lesson.

6. Teacher provides materials needed for the lesson (Lemon, wood ash, water, red and blue litmus paper).

7. Teacher guides pupils to test and identify physical properties of acids and bases by:

• using blue litmus paper on lemon which will turn it red.

• using red litmus paper on mixture of wood ash in water which will turn it blue.

8. Teacher guides pupils in groups or pair to the taste lemon and dissolve ash in water and report their observation.

Pupil’s Activities – Carry out teacher directed activities on:

• Lemon (acid).

• Mixture of wood ash and water (base).

• Use of red and blue litmus papers.

9. Teacher leads a discussion on the meaning, properties and uses of acids and bases with appropriate examples and illustrations.

10. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to the questions and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Next Lesson – Materials Used for Making Local Soaps and Detergents | Active Ingredients in Soap Making Primary 5 (Basic 5) Term 3 Week 3 Basic Science and Technology

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to –

1. explain the meaning of acids and bases.

2. give 3 examples each of acids.

4. list 2 examples of bases.

5. mention 2 physical properties of acids.

6. state 2 physical properties of bases.

7. differentiate between acids and bases using litmus papers, etc.

8. mention 2 uses of acids.

9. state 2 uses of bases.

10. state 2 types each of acids and bases.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT 

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. _______ are two kinds of special chemicals.

A. Ripe and unripe fruits

B. Ash and water

C. Acids and Bases

 

2.Some or almost all liquids are either _______ to some degree.

A. Acids

B. Bases

C. Acids or Bases

3. _______ is used for testing acids.

A. Red litmus paper

B. Red and blue litmus paper

C. Blue litmus paper

4. _______ is used for testing bases.

A. Red litmus paper

B. Red and blue litmus paper

C. Blue litmus paper

5. _______ are chemical substances in almost liquid, commonly in unripe fruit.

A. Acids

B. Bases

C. Acids or Bases

6. _______ are chemical substances opposite to acids.

A. Acids

B. Bases

C. Acids or Bases

7. When testing acids, blue litmus paper turns _______.

A. Blue

B. Red

C. Green

 

8. When testing bases, blue litmus paper turns _______.

A. Blue

B. Red

C. Green

9. Acids taste _______ while based taste _______.

A. Sour/sweet

B. Bitter/sweet

C. Sour/bitter

10. State one use of acid and base.

Acid is used for _______.

Base is used for _______.