Agriculture – Primary 6 Weekly Short Class Lesson Notes for Second Term

WEEK 3 – METHOD OF PRESERVING FARM PRODUCE

LESSON OUTLINES 

1. Method of Preserving Farm Produce

2. Practical Demonstration

3. Questions and Answers

 

METHODS OF PRESERVING FARM PRODUCE

1. Drying – Removing water from food by sun or air. For examples: maize, pepper, fish.

2. Smoking – Using smoke to dry and preserve food. For examples: fish, meat.

3. Salting – Adding salt to food to prevent germs. – Examples: fish, meat.

4. Refrigeration – Keeping food in a refrigerator to slow spoilage. For examples: fruits, vegetables, meat.

5. Freezing – Keeping food at very low temperature. For examples: meat, fish.

6. Canning – Storing food in sealed cans. For examples: tomatoes, fruits.

7. Bottling – Storing food in clean, airtight bottles. For examples: juice, palm wine.

8. Use of Chemicals – Applying approved chemicals to protect produce. For examples: grains stored with preservatives.

 

PRACTICAL DEMONSTRATION OF HOW TO PRESERVE FARM PRODUCE

DRYING METHOD (SUN DRYING)

Materials Needed – Fresh pepper or maize, tray, sunlight.

Steps:

1. Wash the pepper or maize.

2. Spread it on a clean tray.

3. Place it under the sun.

4. Turn it daily until it is dry.

Result: The produce becomes dry and lasts longer.

 

SALTING METHOD 

Materials Needed – Fresh fish or meat, salt, bowl.

Steps:

1. Wash the fish or meat.

2. Rub salt all over it.

3. Keep it in a clean container.

Result: Salt prevents germs and spoilage.

 

REFRIGERATION METHOD 

Materials Needed – Fresh fruits or vegetables, refrigerator.

Steps:

1. Wash the food.

2. Put it in a clean container.

3. Place it inside the refrigerator.

Result: Cold temperature keeps food fresh.

 

SMOKING METHOD 

Materials Needed – Fish, firewood, smoking rack.

Steps:

1. Clean the fish.

2. Place it on a rack over fire.

3. Allow smoke to dry it slowly.

Result: Fish is preserved and can last long.

 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

INSTRUCTION – Choose the correct answer from the options A – D. 

1. Which of the following is a method of preserving farm produce?

A. Weeding

B. Drying

C. Planting

D. Harvesting

 

2. The method of preservation that uses sunlight is called ______.

A. Smoking

B. Freezing

C. Drying

D. Canning

 

3. Which method uses salt to preserve food?

A. Salting

B. Bottling

C. Refrigeration

D. Canning

 

4. Fish and meat can be preserved by ______.

A. painting

B. watering

C. frying

D. smoking

 

5. Keeping food in a refrigerator helps to ______.

A. spoil food faster

B. increase germs

C. keep food fresh

D. destroy food

 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 

6. What is drying?

7. Mention one farm produce that can be dried.

8. What is smoking used for in food preservation?

9. Name one method of preserving fruits.

10. Why is preservation important?

 

FILL IN THE GAP QUESTIONS 

11. Removing water from food to make it last longer is called ______.

12. ______ is used to preserve fish and meat by using smoke.

13. Adding salt to food to prevent spoilage is called ______.

14. Food kept in a ______ stays fresh for a longer time.

15. Preservation helps to reduce food ______.

 

ANSWER KEY

1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C

6. Drying is the removal of water from food to prevent spoilage.

7. Maize / Pepper / Fish.

8. It is used to preserve fish and meat.

9. Refrigeration / Canning / Bottling.

10. It helps food to last longer. (Any correct reason accepted)

11. Drying

12. Smoking

13. Salting

15. Refrigerator

15. Waste