Introduction – Meaning of Soap and Detergent | Local Materials Used of Making Soap | Active Ingredients in the Local Materials Used for Making Soap | Uses of Soap

LESSON – LOCAL SOAPS 

TOPIC

• Introduction

• Meaning of Soap and Detergent

• Local Materials Used of Making Soap

• Active Ingredients in the Local Materials Used for Making Soap

• Uses of Soap

INTRODUCTION

Soap is a substance used for washing.

Soaps are in different forms,

• Liquid soap

• detergent

• Bar soap

Most of the bar soaps used for bathing and washing of dishes.

While the liquid soaps are commonly used for washing dishes.

Sometimes, bar soaps are also used for washing dishes incase liquid soap are not available.

EXAMPLES OF LIQUID SOAP

Liquid soaps are soaps in liquid soaps.

Morning fresh, good mama, sunlight and local liquid soap are good examples of liquid soaps in our localities.

EXAMPLES OF DETERGENT SOAP

Detergent soaps are soaps in form of powder.

Aerial, elephant, omo, so easy, sunlight, nittol, etc. are good examples of detergent soaps.

EXAMPLES OF BAR SOAP 

Bar soaps are soap in solid form.

Joy, delta, tura, etc. are good examples of bar soap.

TYPES OF SOAP

The types of soap are as follows:

1. Local soap

2. Modern soap

The above soaps are available in liquid, detergent and bar soaps.

1. LOCAL SOAPS 

Local soap are black soap used for bathing.

Local materials or ingredients are used for making local soaps.

 

2. MODERN SOAPS 

Modern soap are joy soap, sunrise detergent, sunrise dish wash, omo osun, etc.

These soaps are made with modern materials or ingredients.

USES OF SOAP 

Soaps are used for the following,

• bathing

• washing clothes

• washing dishes

• removing dirt, etc.

LOCAL MATERIALS FOR MAKING LOCAL SOAPS 

Local materials and active ingredients used for making local soap are as follows:

1. Ash

2. Palm oil or animal fat

3. Water

4. pot or pan

5. Spoon or stick for stirring

ACTIVE INGREDIENTS IN SOAP MAKING

Acids and bases as ingredients used in making soap are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

1. Sodium hydroxide for making bar soap.

2. Potassium hydroxide for making liquid soap.

HOW TO MAKE LOCAL SOAP 

PROCEDURE

• Heat the palm oil until it changed colour.

• Add some caustic soda to the heated oil.

• Stir the oil and caustic soda very well.

• Turn off the heat.

• Pour the mixture into the milk container for moldings.

• Allow to cool and harden.

• Wash dirty handkerchiefs or clothes with the soap.

LESSON EVALUATION 

Answer all the questions.

SECTION A – OBJECTIVES 

1. ________ are liquid or solid substances used for washing.

A. Soaps

B. Cleaners

C. Cleansers

 

2. Soaps are in ________ form.

A. Solid and liquid

B. Liquid and solid

C. A and B

3. There are ________ types of soaps.

A. 2

B. Two

C. A and B

Mention 2 types of soaps.

4. _______________

5. _______________

6. ________ Sodium hydroxide for making bar soap.

A. Potassium hydroxide

B. Sodium hydroxide

C. Iye hydroxide

 

7. ________ for making liquid soap.

A. Sodium hydroxide

B. Iye hydroxide

C. Potassium hydroxide

 

8. State 5 materials used for making local soaps.

• _______________

• _______________

• _______________

• _______________

• _______________

9. Give 2 examples of the following:

• Bar soaps, ________ and ________

• Liquid soaps, ________ and ________

• Detergent soaps, ________ and ________

 

10. Differentiate between local and modern soaps.

SECTION B – THEORY 

1. explain the meaning of soap.

2. state 3 forms of soap with appropriate examples.

3. differentiate between local and bar soaps with appropriate examples.

4. mention 5 uses of soap.

5. name 5 local materials used in making soap.

6. identify acids and bases as ingredients used in making soap.

7. discuss the process of making local soaps.