Magnetism: Meaning and Properties of Magnets, Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Materials, Uses and Applications of Magnets, and Making Magnets Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 6 Basic Science and Technology

MAGNETISM: MEANING AND PROPERTIES of MAGNETS, MAGNETIC AND NON-MAGNETIC MATERIALS, USES AND APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETS, AND MAKING MAGNETS PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) THIRD TERM WEEK 6 BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

THIRD TERM

WEEK 6

PRIMARY 5 (BASIC 5) 

THEME – YOU AND ENERGY 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Basic Electricity: Meaning of Conductors and Non-Conductors, Components of Electric Circuits, How Electricity Travels and Uses of Electricity Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 5 Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC – MAGNETISM 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Properties of Magnets

3. Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Materials

4. Uses and Applications of Magnets

5. Making Magnets

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define a magnet.

2. State the properties of magnets.

3. Identify magnetic and non-magnetic materials.

4. Mention the uses and applications of magnets.

5. Explain simple methods of making magnets.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about electricity, conductors and non-conductors, and simple electric circuits. They learned that electricity can move through certain materials and is used to power many devices.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by introducing magnets, which can attract certain materials without the use of electricity. Pupils will learn the properties of magnets, the materials they attract, their uses, and simple ways of making magnets.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Bar magnet

2. Horseshoe magnet

3. Iron nails

4. Pins

5. Paper clips

6. Plastic ruler

7. Wood pieces

8. Glass objects

9. Chart showing magnetic and non-magnetic materials

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Have you ever noticed how a magnet can pick up pins, nails, or paper clips without touching them for long? Magnets are special objects that can attract certain materials and are very useful in our daily lives. They are found in many devices such as speakers, electric bells, refrigerators, compasses, and toys.

Magnets have unique properties that make them different from ordinary objects. Some materials are attracted to magnets, while others are not. Magnets can also be used to make other objects magnetic.

In this lesson, pupils will learn the meaning and properties of magnets, identify magnetic and non-magnetic materials, understand the uses and applications of magnets, and learn simple methods of making magnets.

MEANING OF A MAGNET

A magnet is an object or material that attracts certain metals such as iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt.

Magnets produce a magnetic force that enables them to attract magnetic materials without direct contact.

Examples of Magnets

• Bar magnet

• Horseshoe magnet

• Ring magnet

• Magnetic compass

• Refrigerator magnet

PROPERTIES OF MAGNETS

1. Magnets Attract Magnetic Materials – Magnets attract materials such as iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt.

2. Magnets Have Two Poles

Every magnet has:

• North Pole (N)

• South Pole (S)

3. Like Poles Repel Each Other 

• North pole repels north pole.

• South pole repels south pole.

4. Unlike Poles Attract Each Other

• North pole attracts south pole.

• South pole attracts north pole.

5. Magnetic Force is Strongest at the Poles – The pulling force of a magnet is strongest at its ends (poles).

6. Magnets Can Induce Magnetism – A magnet can make some materials become temporary magnets.

7. Magnets Can Work Through Some Materials – Magnets can attract objects through thin paper, plastic, or cloth.

A magnet is an object that attracts magnetic materials such as iron and steel. Magnets have two poles called the north pole and south pole. Like poles repel each other, while unlike poles attract each other. Magnets are strongest at their poles and can induce magnetism in some materials.

MEANING OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS

Magnetic materials are materials that are attracted by a magnet. These materials can be pulled toward a magnet because they contain substances that respond to magnetic force.

Examples of Magnetic Materials

• Iron

• Steel

• Nickel

• Cobalt

• Iron nails

• Pins

• Paper clips

• Iron rods

MEANING OF NON-MAGNETIC MATERIALS

Non-magnetic materials are materials that are not attracted by a magnet. These materials do not respond to the magnetic force of a magnet.

Examples of Non-Magnetic Materials

• Wood

• Plastic

• Rubber

• Glass

• Paper

• Cloth

• Aluminium

• Leather

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MAGNETIC AND NON-MAGNETIC MATERIALS

1. Magnetic materials are attracted by magnets, while Non-magnetic materials are not attracted by magnets.

2. Magnetic materials can become magnets under certain conditions, whereas Non-magnetic materials cannot easily become magnets.

3. Examples of Magnetic materials include iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt. Examples of Non-magnetic materials include wood, plastic, rubber, glass, paper, and cloth.

Magnetic materials are materials that can be attracted by magnets, such as iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt. Non-magnetic materials are materials that cannot be attracted by magnets, such as wood, plastic, rubber, glass, and paper. Understanding the difference helps us identify materials that can interact with magnets.

USES AND APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETS

Magnets are very useful in our daily lives. They are used in homes, schools, industries, hospitals, and many electronic devices.

1. In Refrigerators – Magnets help refrigerator doors close tightly.

2. In Magnetic Compasses – Magnets are used to find directions such as North, South, East, and West.

3. In Electric Bells – Magnets help electric bells produce sound.

4. In Loudspeakers and Headphones – Magnets are used to produce sound in speakers and headphones.

5. In Cranes – Large magnets are used to lift heavy iron and steel objects in factories and scrapyards.

6. In Toys and Games – Magnets are used in magnetic toys and educational games.

7. In Door Locks – Some doors use magnetic locks for security.

8. In Computers and Electronic Devices – Magnets are found in some computer parts and electronic equipment.

9. For Picking Up Small Metal Objects – Magnets can be used to collect pins, needles, nails, and paper clips.

10. In Hospitals – Powerful magnets are used in some medical machines.

Magnets are useful for finding directions, producing sound, lifting heavy metals, securing doors, operating electrical devices, and collecting small metal objects. They play an important role in many aspects of everyday life.

MAKING MAGNETS

Magnets can be made using simple methods. These methods help ordinary iron or steel objects become magnets.

1. Stroking Method

This is the most common method of making a magnet.

Procedure

• Place an iron nail or steel rod on a table.

• Take a bar magnet.

• Stroke the iron nail or steel rod with one pole of the magnet in one direction only.

• Lift the magnet after each stroke and return it to the starting point.

• Repeat the process several times.

Observation – The iron nail or steel rod becomes magnetized and can attract small metal objects.

2. Induction Method

In this method, magnetism is produced without rubbing.

Procedure

• Place an iron nail close to a strong magnet.

• Leave it there for some time.

Observation – The iron nail becomes temporarily magnetized and can attract small iron objects.

3. Electrical Method

This method uses electricity to make a magnet.

Procedure:

• Wind a wire around an iron nail.

• Connect the wire to a battery.

• Allow electric current to flow through the wire.

Observation – The iron nail becomes an electromagnet and can attract magnetic materials.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Handle magnets carefully.

2. Do not connect electrical circuits without supervision.

3. Keep magnets away from electronic devices when not in use.

4. Follow the teacher’s instructions during practical activities.

Magnets can be made by the stroking method, induction method, and electrical method. These methods help iron and steel objects become magnetic and attract magnetic materials such as pins, nails, and paper clips.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ ASSIGNMENT

A. Objective Questions (Choose the Correct Answer)

1. A magnet is an object that attracts __________ materials.

A. Plastic

B. Wooden

C. Magnetic

D. Paper

2. Which of the following is a magnetic material?

A. Iron

B. Glass

C. Rubber

D. Wood

3. Magnets have __________ poles.

A. One

B. Two

C. Three

D. Four

4. Which of the following is a non-magnetic material?

A. Steel

B. Nickel

C. Iron

D. Plastic

B. Fill in the Blanks

5. The two poles of a magnet are the __________ Pole and the __________ Pole.

6. Like poles __________ each other.

7. Unlike poles __________ each other.

8. A compass uses a __________ to show direction.

C. True or False

9. Iron is a magnetic material. ______

10. Wood is attracted by a magnet. ______

11. Magnets are used in refrigerators. ______

12. Magnets have only one pole. ______

D. Short Answer Questions

13. What is a magnet?

14. Mention two properties of magnets.

15. Mention two magnetic materials.

16. Mention two non-magnetic materials.

E. Matching: Match Column A with Column B.

Column A – Column B

17. Iron – A. Non-magnetic material

18. Plastic – B. Magnetic material

19. Compass – C. Shows direction

20. Refrigerator magnet – D. Holds door closed

ANSWER KEYS

1. C

2. A

3. B

4. D

5. North, South

6. repel

7. attract

8. magnet

9. True

10. False

11. True

12. False

13. A magnet is an object that attracts magnetic materials.

14. Magnets attract magnetic materials; magnets have two poles.

15. Iron, steel, nickel, cobalt (any two).

16. Wood, plastic, rubber, glass (any two).

17. B

18. A

19. C

20. D

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that a magnet is an object that attracts magnetic materials such as iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt.

They also learned the properties of magnets, which include: Magnets attract magnetic materials, Magnets have two poles: North Pole and South Pole, etc.

Pupils identified magnetic materials such as: Iron, Steel, Nickel, Cobalt, Pins and paper clips

They also identified non-magnetic materials such as: Wood, Plastic, Rubber, Glass, Paper

Furthermore, pupils learned the uses of magnets, including: Finding directions with a compass, Operating electric bells and speakers, etc.

Finally, pupils learned simple methods of making magnets, namely: Stroking method, Induction method and Electrical method. Magnets are important tools used in many devices and activities to make work easier and more efficient.

PRESENTATION

1. The teacher displays different types of magnets such as bar magnets and horseshoe magnets.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe and identify the magnets.

2. The teacher explains the meaning of a magnet.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils listen and mention objects that can be attracted by magnets.

3. The teacher demonstrates the properties of magnets by showing attraction and repulsion between poles.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe and describe what happens.

4. The teacher displays various materials such as iron nails, pins, paper clips, wood, plastic, rubber, and glass.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify which materials are attracted by magnets and which are not.

5. The teacher explains the meaning and examples of magnetic and non-magnetic materials.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils classify materials into magnetic and non-magnetic groups.

6. The teacher discusses the uses and applications of magnets in everyday life.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention places and devices where magnets are used.

7. The teacher demonstrates the stroking method of making a magnet using a bar magnet and an iron nail.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe how the nail becomes magnetized.

8. The teacher explains other methods of making magnets such as induction and electrical methods.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils listen and ask questions.

9. The teacher asks oral questions on the lesson.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions and participate actively.

10. The teacher summarizes the lesson and gives corrective feedback where necessary.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils participate in the summary and take notes.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

 

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is a magnet?

2. State three properties of magnets.

3. Mention three magnetic materials.

4. Mention three non-magnetic materials.

5. State four uses of magnets.

6. What are the two poles of a magnet?

7. What happens when like poles are brought together?

8. What happens when unlike poles are brought together?

9. Mention one method of making magnets.

10. Why are magnets important in everyday life?