Meaning of Safety and Safety Precautions | Causes of Accidents at Work and on the Road | Meaning and Examples Safety Devices Primary 6 (Basic 6) Term 2 Week 11 Basic Technology
BASIC SCIENCE
BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SECOND TERM
WEEK 11
PRIMARY 6
PREVIOUS LESSON – Meaning and Types of Maintenance | Importance of Maintenance Primary 6 (Basic 6) Term 2 Week 10 Basic Technology
TOPIC: SAFETY
LEARNING AREA
1. Introduction
2. Meaning of Safety and Safety Precautions
3. Causes of Accidents
4. Meaning and Examples of Safety Devices
5. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives ‘
1. explain the meaning of safety.
2. describe the concept of safety precautions.
3. state the causes of accident at work and on the road.
4. explain the meaning of safety device with examples.
5. demonstrate the use of safety devices.
6. devise a plan to keep safe at home and in the school.
ENTRY BEHAVIOR
The pupils can state some of the causes of road accidents.
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of first aid box; safety devices.
METHOD OF TEACHING
Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.
Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons.
REFERENCE MATERIALS
Scheme of Work
9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum
Course Book
All Relevant Material
Online Information
CONTENT OF THE LESSON
LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION
Safety means keeping yourself and others free from harm, danger or accidents.
It means taking care not to fall or bump or run into things.
Any precautions taken prevent accidents at home, work, in school or on the road is known as safety.
MEANING OF SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Safety precautions are the actions taken to prevent possible danger, harm or injury.
Safety precautions include,
1. wearing gloves
2. reduce workplace stress
3. wearing eye protection and any protective equipments
4. using equipment that is in good repair
5. cleaning up spills
6. be aware of Aware of Your Surroundings
7. the use tools and machines properly
8. follow correct procedures
9. don’t take shortcuts
10. be alert and awake
11. access to a first aid kit, etc.
LESSON 2 – MEANING OF ACCIDENTS
Accident is an unplanned or unexpected events which cause injury or damage of lives and property.
It is important that we avoid accidents because it may result in person’s injury, death or damage to property or combination of the three.
Accidents can happen everywhere, for example – in the schools, homes, roads, market places, etc.
Accidents can cause temporary or permanent harm or damage to people and properties.
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS AT HOME
1. Sharp objects like knife, blade, pin, needle, etc.
2. Naked wire
3. Hot objects like iron, water, oil, etc.
4. Refuse – banana peel
5. Wet floor with oil or soapy water.
6. Running or walking carelessness on the staircase
7. Animals bite – dog bites
8. Natural disaster like heavy rainfall with strong wind
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS IN THE SCHOOL
1. Dangerous objects like broken chairs and tables, broken bottles and plastics, etc.
2. Animals bite like snake bites in busy school.
3. Running or walking carelessness on the staircase.
4. Bad chairs and tables.
7. Rough play with dangerous objects.
8. Pushing from the staircase or from chair.
9. Naked wire
10. Careless use of sharp objects like blade, knife or cutlass.
11. Natural disaster like heavy rainfall with strong wind
CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS AT WORK OR MARKET PLACES
1. Overexertion
2. Faulty machines or equipments
3. Misuse of office and factory tools, equipments or machines
4. Slippery or wet floor
5. Ignorance
6. Hazardous materials
7. Poor lighting, airing or ventilation
8. Fatigue
9. Stress
10. Shortcut
LESSON 3 – SAFETY DEVICES
Safety is the absent of accident in the use of machines, domestic wares, office equipment, toys, both in the house and in the school.
Safety device is a piece of equipment such as a fire extinguisher, safety belt, or burglar alarm that reduces loss or damage from a fire, accident, or break-in.
METHODS OF PREVENTING ACCIDENTS
1. Identify safe places to walk with safe access and exit to corridors, staircase, steps and fire exits.
2. All toys should be safe to play with and should not prevent risks to children. For example, children should not play with beads and toys with sharp or pointed edges.
3. School and homes should be well ventilated with proper fume and dust control.
4. Shelves and storage inlets should not be stacked too high.
6. Items should be stored in the correct containers and labelled.
7. Report any electrical fault immediately.
9. Read notices and instructions before using any equipment.
9. Never touch any electric wires.
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Safety precautions are put in place to serve as protection against accidents.
Some of the instructions are as follows:
1. When you enter a place, do not touch anything until you are told to do so or you have read instructions on them.
2. Do not eat food, drink beverages, or chew gum in the laboratory.
3. Know the locations and operating procedures of all safety equipment like the first aid kit and fire extinguisher.
4. Know where the fire alarm and the exits are located.
5. Keep hands away from your face, eyes, mouth, and body while using chemicals.
6. Clean with detergent, rinse, and dry all work surfaces and equipment at the end of the work.
7. Wear hand gloves to protect your hands.
8. Caps and helmets could also be worn to prevent head injury,
9. Wash your hands with soap and water after work, etc.
CONTENTS OF THE FIRST AID BOX
Every office, home and school have an accessible first – aid box.
The followings are the common things we should have in our first aid box:
1. First – aid book
2. Sterile adhesive bandages in assorted sizes
3. Small roll of absorbent gauze pads of different sizes
4. Adhesive tape
5. Triangular and roller bandages
6. Cotton (1 roll)
7. Band – aids (plaster)
8. Scissors
9. Pen torch latex gloves (2 pairs)
10. Needle
11. Moistened towels and clean dry cloth pieces
12. Antiseptic (dettol)
13. Thermometer
14.Tube of petroleum jelly or other lubricant
15. Assorted sizes of safety pins
16. Cleansing agent/soap
NON – PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
1. Paracetamol (pain relievers),
2. Anti – diarrhoea medication,
3. Antihistamine cream for bee stings,
4. Antacid (stomach upset),
5. Laxative.
Keep your first aid kit where it is easily accessible.
Replace drugs whenever they reach the expiry date.
PRESENTATION
To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:
1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;
2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.
3. Teacher displays chart showing simple cut or burn on the finger.
4. Teacher lets pupils examine the chart, describe and state the causes.
Pupil’s Activities – Explain the causes of the cut or burn.
5. Teacher listen to the pupils and uses their responses to introduce the lesson.
Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of the lesson.
6. Teacher leads a discussion on safety and safety precautions.
Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the lesson discussion.
7. Teacher uses the chart in activity 3 to introduce accidents at home, in the school and at work.
8. Teacher leads the groups or pairs to discuss the meaning and causes of accidents in the school, at home and work.
Pupil’s Activities – Make a list of accidents at home, work and in the school.
9. Teacher makes a list of safety instructions for the groups or pairs to discuss and analyze its importance.
Pupil’s Activities – Analyze the importance of safety instructions and precautions.
10. Teacher displays safety devices for pupils to examine and demonstrate their uses.
Pupil’s Activities – Demonstrate the use of fire extinguishers, apron, boots, hand gloves, eye shield, caution signs, seat belts, road signs, and zebra crossing.
12. Teacher displays sample first aid box or chart if the first aid box not available.
Pupil’s Activities – Identify and describe the uses of first aid box.
13. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.
Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to the questions and write as instructed.
CONCLUSION
To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson (Simple Machines).
Next Lesson – Week 11 – Revision and Week 13 – Second Term Examination Basic Science and Technology Primary 6 (Basic 6) Exam Questions
LESSON EVALUATION
Teacher asks pupils to,
1. explain the meaning of safety and safety precautions.
2. describe the concepts of accidents with appropriate examples.
3. state 5 causes of accidents at home.
4. mention 5 causes of accidents in the school.
5. make list of 5 causes of accident at work.
7. state ways to prevent at accidents at home, work or in the school.
8. explain the meaning of safety device with appropriate examples.
9. state 5 safety devices.
10. demonstrate the use of the safety devices mentioned in question 9.
11. state 5 item in the first aid box.