Nigerian Musical Instruments: Meaning, Musical Instruments in Our Locality and Methods of Sound Production Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 6 Cultural and Creative Arts

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS: MEANING, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN OUR LOCALITY AND METHODS OF SOUND PRODUCTION

CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS (CCA)

PRIMARY 4 – FIRST TERM – WEEK 6

THEME –  ARTS AND CRAFTS 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Nigerian Artworks: Meaning, Classification and Importance of Artworks Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 5 Cultural and Creative Arts

TOPIC – MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 

LEARNING 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Nigerian Musical Instruments

3. Musical Instruments in Our Locality

4. Methods of Sound Production

5. Importance of Musical Instruments

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of musical instruments.

2. Explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments.

3. Mention at least five musical instruments found in their locality.

4. State the methods of sound production with examples.

5. Explain the importance of musical instrume nts.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about Nigerian Artworks: Meaning, Classification and Importance of Artworks. They understand that Nigerian artworks reflect the culture and traditions of different ethnic groups and are used for decoration, education, and cultural preservation.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by introducing pupils to Nigerian musical instruments, the musical instruments found in their locality, the methods by which they produce sound, and their importance in cultural activities and everyday life.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Drum

2. Gong

3. Bell

4. Rattle

5. Shekere

6. Flute or horn

7. Xylophone (where available)

8. Charts or pictures of Nigerian musical instruments

9. Flashcards showing methods of sound production

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Music is an important part of Nigerian culture. During festivals, weddings, religious activities, and other celebrations, people use different musical instruments to produce pleasant sounds, entertain people, accompany songs and dances, and communicate messages.

In this lesson, pupils will learn the meaning of musical instruments, identify musical instruments found in their locality, explain the methods of sound production, and understand the importance of musical instruments in everyday life and Nigerian culture.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Musical instruments are objects or tools used to produce musical sounds. They are played during singing, dancing, worship, festivals, celebrations, and entertainment.

MEANING OF NIGERIAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Nigerian musical instruments are musical instruments made and used by different ethnic groups in Nigeria. They are used during cultural festivals, traditional ceremonies, religious activities, and entertainment.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN OUR LOCALITY

Some musical instruments commonly found in our locality include:

1. Drum – Used to produce rhythm during songs and dances.

2. Gong – A metal instrument struck with a stick to produce sound.

3. Rattle – Shaken to produce rhythmic sounds.

4. Bell – Rung by shaking or striking.

5. Horn – Blown to produce sound during ceremonies.

6. Flute – Blown to produce musical notes.

7. Xylophone – Played by striking wooden bars with mallets.

8. Shekere – A gourd covered with beads and shaken to produce sound.

LESSON 2 – METHODS OF SOUND PRODUCTION

Musical instruments produce sound in different ways:

1. Beating/Striking – Sound is produced by hitting the instrument.

Examples: Drum, gong, xylophone, bell.

2. Shaking – Sound is produced by shaking the instrument.

Examples: Rattle, shekere.

3. Blowing – Sound is produced by blowing air into or through the instrument.

Examples: Flute, horn.

4. Plucking – Sound is produced by pulling or plucking strings.

Example: Local harp.

IMPORTANCE OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Musical instruments help to:

1. Entertain people.

2. Accompany singing and dancing.

3. Preserve Nigerian culture.

4. Communicate messages.

5. Celebrate festivals and ceremonies.

6. Support worship and religious activities.

7. Teach music and rhythm.

LESSON 3 – WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Musical instruments are used to produce ________.

A. Water

B. musical sounds

C. food

D. light

2. Which of the following is a musical instrument found in our locality?

A. Drum

B. Television

C. Refrigerator

D. Computer

3. Which instrument produces sound by shaking?

A. Flute

B. Drum

C. Shekere

D. Gong

4. Which instrument produces sound by blowing?

A. Xylophone

B. Bell

C. Drum

D. Flute

5. Which instrument is played by beating or striking?

A. Shekere

B. Horn

C. Rattle

D. Gong

B. Fill in the Gaps

Complete the sentences using the words in the box: drum, shekere, bell, blowing, musical

6. _______ instruments are used to produce pleasant sounds.

7. A _______ is beaten to produce rhythm.

8. The _______ is shaken to produce sound.

9. A flute produces sound by _______.

10. A _______ can be rung or struck to produce sound.

C. True or False

11. Musical instruments are used during festivals and celebrations. _______

12. A horn produces sound by shaking. _______

13. A drum produces sound by beating. _______

14. A shekere is a musical instrument. _______

15. Musical instruments help to prevent Nigerian culture. _______

D. Match Column A with the correct answer in Column B.

Column A – Column B

16. Drum – A. Blowing

17. Flute – B. Shaking

18. Shekere – C. Beating

19. Horn – D. Blowing

20. Gong – E. Striking

ANSWER KEYS

1. B – Musical sounds

2. A – Drum

3. C – Shekere

4. D – Flute

5. D – Gong

6. musical

7. drum

8. shekere

9. blowing

10. bell

11. True

12. False

13. True

14. True

15. False

16. C – Beating

17. A – Blowing

18. B – Shaking

19. D – Blowing

20. E – Striking

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that musical instruments are objects or tools used to produce musical sounds. They also learned that Nigerian musical instruments are instruments made and used by different ethnic groups in Nigeria for entertainment, worship, festivals, ceremonies, and communication.

Pupils identified musical instruments found in their locality, such as the drum, gong, rattle, bell, horn, flute, xylophone, and shekere.

Furthermore, pupils learned the methods of sound production by musical instruments, namely beating or striking, shaking, blowing, and plucking, and identified instruments that produce sound using each method.

Finally, pupils learned the importance of musical instruments, including entertainment, accompanying songs and dances, preserving Nigerian culture, communicating messages, celebrating festivals, supporting worship, and teaching music and rhythm.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction – The teacher displays different musical instruments such as a drum, bell, gong, rattle, flute, horn, xylophone, and shekere. The teacher asks pupils to identify the instruments and describe how they produce sound.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the instruments, identify them, and describe how they are played.

Step 2: Meaning of Musical Instruments – The teacher explains that musical instruments are objects or tools used to produce musical sounds. The teacher also explains that Nigerian musical instruments are instruments made and used by different ethnic groups in Nigeria.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain the meanings of musical instruments and Nigerian musical instruments in their own words.

Step 3: Musical Instruments in Our Locality – The teacher introduces musical instruments commonly found in the locality, such as the drum, gong, rattle, bell, horn, flute, xylophone, and shekere.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the instruments and mention where they have seen or heard them being used.

Step 4: Methods of Sound Production – The teacher demonstrates how different musical instruments produce sound through beating or striking, shaking, blowing, and plucking.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the method of sound production for each musical instrument.

Step 5: Importance of Musical Instruments – The teacher explains the importance of musical instruments in entertainment, communication, worship, festivals, cultural activities, and music education.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss the uses of musical instruments in their homes and communities.

Step 6: Group Activity – The teacher divides the class into four groups and assigns the following activities:

• Group 1: Explain the meaning of musical instruments and Nigerian musical instruments.

• Group 2: Mention five musical instruments found in the locality.

• Group 3: State the methods of sound production and give examples of instruments for each method.

• Group 4: Explain the importance of musical instruments.

Each group presents its work to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss the assigned tasks and present their findings.

Step 7: Lesson Summary – The teacher reviews the meaning of musical instruments, musical instruments found in the locality, methods of sound production, and the importance of musical instruments.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise the lesson.

Step 8: Evaluation – The teacher asks oral and written questions to assess pupils’ understanding of the lesson.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the evaluation questions and participate actively in the lesson.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Drama and Theatre: Meaning, Elements and Differences Between Drama and Theatre Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 8 Cultural and Creative Arts

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. Explain the meaning of musical instruments.

2. Explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments.

3. Mention at least five musical instruments found in their locality.

4. State the methods of sound production and give examples of instruments for each method.

5. Explain at least five importance of musical instruments.

6. Demonstrate how selected musical instruments produce sound through beating, shaking, blowing, or plucking.