Nigerian Musical Instruments: Meaning, Traditional Nigerian Musical Instruments and the Sounds They Produce Primary 4 (Basic 4) Second Term Week 6 Cultural and Creative Arts

NIGERIAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS: MEA, TRADITIONAL MUSIC INSTRUMENTS AND THE SOUND THEY PRODUCE PRODUCE 

CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS (CCA)

PRIMARY 4 – SECOND TERM – WEEK 6

THEME –  MUSIC 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Principles of Design: Meaning, Types and Uses of the Principles of Design Primary 4 (Basic 4) Second Term Week 5 Cultural and Creative Arts

TOPIC – NIGERIAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 

LEARNING 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Nigerian Musical Instruments

3. Traditional Musical Instruments and the Sounds They Produce

4. Importance of Musical Instruments

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments.

2. Mention at least five traditional Nigerian musical instruments.

3. Identify the tribes or ethnic groups associated with selected Nigerian musical instruments.

4. Describe the sounds produced by different traditional Nigerian musical instruments.

5. State at least five uses of Nigerian musical instruments.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about Principles of Design: Meaning, Types and Uses of the Principles of Design. They also learned about foreign musical instruments and their methods of playing.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by introducing pupils to traditional Nigerian musical instruments, the tribes that use them, and the different sounds they produce.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Pictures or real traditional Nigerian musical instruments

2. Talking drum (Gangan/Dùndún)

3. Bata drum

4. Ekwe (wooden slit drum)

5. Ogene (metal gong)

6. Shekere

7. Udu (clay pot drum)

8. Kakaki (picture or video)

9. Goje (picture or video)

10. Oja (flute)

11. Charts showing the tribes and musical instruments

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Nigeria is home to many ethnic groups, and each group has its own traditional musical instruments. These instruments are used during festivals, weddings, traditional dances, religious ceremonies, and other cultural events. Each instrument produces a unique sound and represents the culture of the people who use it.

In this lesson, pupils will learn the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments, identify traditional Nigerian musical instruments, state the tribes associated with them, and describe the sounds they produce.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF NIGERIAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Nigerian musical instruments are musical instruments that originated in Nigeria and are used by different ethnic groups to produce music during festivals, ceremonies, worship, entertainment, and cultural celebrations.

TRADITIONAL NIGERIAN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS AND THE SOUNDS THEY PRODUCE

Traditional Musical Instrument – Tribe/Ethnic Group – Sound Produced

1. Talking Drum (Gangan/Dùndún) – Yoruba – Talking or rhythmic drum sounds (“dum-dum”, “ton-ton”)

2. Bata Drum – Yoruba – Deep rhythmic beats

3. Ekwe (Wooden Slit Drum) – Igbo – Sharp knocking or hollow wooden sounds

4. Ogene (Metal Gong) – Igbo – Clear metallic ringing sound (“gong-gong”)

5. Shekere – Yoruba – Rattling or shaking sound

6. Udu (Clay Pot Drum) – Igbo – Deep hollow booming sound

7. Kakaki (Long Trumpet) – Hausa – Loud trumpet-like sound

8. Goje (Traditional Fiddle) – Hausa/Fulani – Soft, high-pitched string sound

9. Oja (Flute) – Igbo – Soft whistling or blowing sound

10. Ekombi Drum – Efik – Rhythmic drum beats used to accompany the Ekombi dance

LESSON 2 – IMPORTANCE OF NIGERIAN MUSICAL Instruments6

Nigerian musical instruments are used to:

1. Entertain people.

2. Accompany traditional dances.

3. Celebrate festivals and ceremonies.

4. Communicate messages in some communities.

5. Preserve Nigerian culture and traditions.

6. Teach music and cultural heritage.

7. Promote unity during community celebrations.

LESSON 3 – WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Nigerian musical instruments are instruments that originated in ________.

A. America

B. Nigeria

C. China

D. India

2. Which traditional musical instrument is commonly associated with the Yoruba people?

A. Kakaki

B. Ekwe

C. Talking drum

D. Udu

3. Which traditional musical instrument is commonly associated with the Igbo people?

A. Kakaki

B. Bata Drum

C. Goje

D. Ekwe

4. Which traditional musical instrument is commonly associated with the Hausa people?

A. Udu

B. Shekere

C. Kakaki

D. Oja

5. Which instrument produces a rattling or shaking sound?

A. Shekere

B. Ogene

C. Bata Drum

D. Goje

B. Fill in the Gaps

Complete the sentences using the words in the box: Shekere, Ekwe, Kakaki, Ogene, Nigeria

6. Traditional musical instruments originated in ______.

7. The ______ is a wooden slit drum used by the Igbo people.

8. The ______ produces a rattling or shaking sound.

9. The ______ is a long traditional trumpet used by the Hausa people.

10. The ______ is a metal gong that produces a ringing sound.

C. True or False

11. The Kakaki is played by the Igbo people only. ______

12. The Udu is a Yoruba musical instrument. ______

13. The talking drum is made from clay. ______

14. Nigerian musical instruments are used during festivals and ceremonies. ______

15. The Shekere produces a rattling sound. ______

D. Match Column A with Column B.

Column A – Column B

16. Talking Drum – A. Igbo

17. Ekwe – B. Clay pot drum

18. Kakaki – C. Rattling sound

19. Udu – D. Yoruba

20. Shekere – E. Hausa

ANSWER KEYS

1. B – Nigeria

2. C – Talking Drum

3. D – Ekwe

4. C – Kakaki

5. A – Shekere

6. Nigeria

7. Ekwe

8. Shekere

9. Kakaki

10. Ogene

11. False

12. False

13. False

14. True

15. True

16. D – Yoruba

17. A – Igbo

18. E – Hausa

19. B – Clay pot drum

20. C – Rattling sound

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that Nigerian musical instruments are traditional musical instruments that originated in Nigeria and are used by different ethnic groups during festivals, ceremonies, worship, entertainment, and cultural celebrations.

Pupils identified various traditional Nigerian musical instruments, including the Talking Drum (Gangan/Dùndún), Bata Drum, Ekwe, Ogene, Shekere, Udu, Kakaki, Goje, Oja, and Ekombi Drum.

They also learned the tribes associated with these instruments and the different sounds they produce, such as talking, ringing, rattling, booming, blowing, and rhythmic drum beats.

Finally, pupils understood that Nigerian musical instruments are important for entertainment, traditional dances, cultural festivals, communication, worship, music education, and preserving Nigeria’s cultural heritage.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction – The teacher displays pictures or real traditional Nigerian musical instruments such as the Talking Drum, Bata Drum, Ekwe, Ogene, Shekere, Udu, Kakaki, Goje, and Oja. The teacher asks pupils if they have seen or heard any of these instruments before.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the instruments and identify those they know.

Step 2: Meaning of Nigerian Musical Instruments – The teacher explains that Nigerian musical instruments are traditional musical instruments that originated in Nigeria and are used by different ethnic groups for music and cultural activities.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments in their own words.

Step 3: Traditional Nigerian Musical Instruments, Their Tribes, and Sounds – The teacher introduces the different traditional Nigerian musical instruments, the ethnic groups that use them, and the sounds they produce.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the instruments, mention the tribes associated with them, and describe the sounds they produce.

Step 4: Uses of Nigerian Musical Instruments – The teacher explains that Nigerian musical instruments are used during festivals, traditional dances, weddings, religious ceremonies, cultural celebrations, entertainment, and for communication in some communities.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils state the uses of Nigerian musical instruments.

Step 5: Practical Demonstration – The teacher demonstrates how some traditional musical instruments are played or plays audio/video recordings of their sounds.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils listen to the sounds and identify the instruments that produce them.

Step 6: Group Activity – The teacher divides the class into four groups and assigns the following activities:

• Group 1: Explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments.

• Group 2: Mention traditional Nigerian musical instruments.

• Group 3: Match each instrument with the correct tribe.

• Group 4: Describe the sounds produced by the different instruments.

Each group presents its work to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss the assigned tasks and present their findings.

Step 7: Lesson Summary – The teacher reviews the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments, examples, the tribes associated with them, the sounds they produce, and their uses.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise the lesson.

Step 8: Evaluation – The teacher asks oral and written questions to assess pupils’ understanding of the lesson.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the evaluation questions and participate actively in the lesson.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

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LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. Explain the meaning of Nigerian musical instruments.

2. Mention at least five traditional Nigerian musical instruments.

3. Identify the tribes or ethnic groups associated with selected Nigerian musical instruments.

4. Describe the sounds produced by different traditional Nigerian musical instruments.

5. State at least five uses of Nigerian musical instruments