Physics SS 1 Curriculum Guides – Interaction of Matter, Space and Time

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 1 – FUNDAMENTALS AND DERIVED QUANTITIES AND UNITS

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Metre rule

2. Tapes

3. Spring balance

4. Chemical balance

5. Venire calipers, etc.

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Fundamental quantities: mass length, time and electric charge.

2. Fundamental units: kg, m, s, etc.

3. Derived quantities: force, speed, etc.

4. Derived units: m/s, m3, m2, etc.

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. holds discussion on standard and units of measurements.

2. demonstrates the measurement of the fundamental quantities.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. give examples of derived quantities and units.

2. should measure length and mass of objects in their environment.

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to distinguish fundamental quantities from derived quantities.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 2 – MOTION 

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Trolley/toy car, simple pendulum, loaded spiral spring rotating fan, a card board showing the patterns of motion.

2. Spiral spring, ruler, G-clamp string, blocks of wood, permanent (string) magnet, some nails, books, pencils, polystyrene balls and stone.

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. list most of the motions in a given environment.

2. classify a list of familiar motions into random, relational, osciliatory, and translational motion.

3. Identify the forces that cause a given body to move.

4. Identify which force or forces slow(s) down and finally stops a moving body.

5. Identify a force resisting the motion between two surfaces in contact and moving relative to each other.

6. Reduce friction in a given situation.

7. Identify circular motion.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Types of Motion

• Random motion

• Translational motion

• Rotational motion

• Oscillatory motion

• Relative motion

2. Cause and Effects of Motion

3. Types of Force

• Contact Force

• Force Field

4. Reducing Friction

5. Simple Idea of Circular Motion

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. sketches the patterns of various types of motion.

2. uses the motion of trolley to show the part played by friction in motion of bodies.

3. uses the effect of magnet on nails to show force field.

4. uses pencils and polystyrene balls to reduce friction.

5. uses a string tied to a stone at one end to:

• demonstrate motion in a vertical/horizontal circle.

• show difference between angular speed and velocity.

• show centripetal force.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. observe and classify different types of motion

2. feel forces by:

• pullying on a spiral spring.

• bending a ruler or a beam.

• pulling a string tied to a block of wood or pushing the block.

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. distinguish types of motion, citing examples from the environment.

2. identify a body in motion or at rest relative to a reference point.

3. give various applications of a force.

4. state the advantages and disadvantages of friction and methods of reducing friction.

5. distinguish angular speed from angular velocity.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 3 – POSITION, DISTANCE AND DISPLACEMENT

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Metre rule

2. Tapes

3. A pair of compasses

4. String and protractor

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to distinguish between distance and displacement in a translational motion.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Measurement of Distance

2. Concept of Defection

3. Distinction Between Distance and Displacement

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher demonstrate how to use a size metre string to measure length of the field, classroom block, etc.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students use the meter rule to measure the length and breadth of the classroom, etc.

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. use different measuring instruments to measure.

2. distinguish between distance and displacement.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 4 – RECTILINEAR ACCELERATION

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

Ticker-timer and accessories; graph sheets; ruler, pair of scissors, etc.

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. explain the concept of uniform motion.

2. determine acceleration from a velocity-time graph.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Concept of Acceleration

2. Uniform/non-uniform Acceleration

3. Velocity-time Graph

4. Analysis of Rectilinear Motion

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher use ticker-timer to obtain dotted ticker tape of uniformly accelerated body.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students plot graphs of speed against time or velocity against time to obtain uniform acceleration of a body.

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. define concept of acceleration.

2. Students to plot (v – t) graph and make deductions there from.

3. Students to apply the concept of acceleration in worded problem.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 5 – SCALARS AND VECTORS

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

A chart listing scalar and vector quantities with their symbols and units.

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to distinguish between scalar and vector quantities.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Concept of Scalars

2. Concept of Vectors

3. Distinction Between Scalars and Vectors

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher distinguishes between scalars and vectors.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students give examples of scalar and vector quantities.

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to differentiate scalars from vectors.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 6 – SPEED AND VELOCITY

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

Ticker-timer and accessories, metre rule, stop clock/watch and graph sheets

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. distinguish between speed and velocity

2. plot a distance-time-graph and deduce the speed of motion from the gradient or slope of the graph.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Concept of Speed

2. Concept of Velocity

3. Distance-time-graph or Displacement Time Graph

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. runs or roll an object through a measured distance, measure the time taken and calculate the speed.

2. uses the ticker-timer to show the speed/velocity of a moving trolley.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. plot distance-time graph.

2. solve simple problems on speed and velocity

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. distinguish between speed and velocity.

2. plot (x – t) graph and make deductions there from.

3. Students to solve problems on speed and velocity.

 

 

THEME – INTERACTION OF MATTER, SPACE AND TIME

TOPIC 7 – TIME 

 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. sand-clock, funnel sand, beaker and retort stand.

2. water clock, burette, water, pendulum bob, string, stop clock/watch ticker-time and tape

 

 

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to construct a clock for measuring time interval for simple system that has a repetitive motion.

 

 

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

1. Concept of Time

2. Ways of Measuring Time

 

 

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher leads discussion in the use of repetitive events to define day and night, seasons and festivals.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. Practice the use of:

• heart beat,

• sand-clock,

• pendulum,

• stop clock/watch to measure time intervals.

2. Discuss the use of repetitive events to define day and night, seasons and festivals.

 

 

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to use different types of measuring instruments to measure time correctly.