Separation of Power | How to Promote Cooperation and Benefits of Cooperation Between State and Local Governments Primary 4 (Basic 4) – Term 2 Week 6 Social Studies

SOCIAL STUDIES 

NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION 

SECOND TERM

WEEK 6

PRIMARY 4

THEME – GOVERNMENT 

 PREVIOUS LESSON – The Concept of State Government – Meaning and Importance of State Government Primary 4 (Basic 4) – Term Week 5 Social Studies

TOPIC – STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Concept of Government

3. Separation of Power

4. Cooperation between State and Local Governments

5. Benefits of Cooperation between State and Local Governments

6. Conflicts between State and Local Governments

7. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the concept of government.

2. state and describe the types of government.

3. describe the concept of separation of power.

4. suggest areas of cooperation between the state and local government.

5. suggest areas where conflict may occur between the local and state governments.

6. state likely causes and how to prevent them.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Most of the pupils can describe the functions of each type of government.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of chart showing types of government.

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON  

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION

Government is the body of people who control public affairs of a nation at the federal, state and local level.

The duties and responsibilities of the government are managed and controlled by different types and arms of government.

The types of government are federal, state and local government. They perform the same functions at different levels as defined and stated in the constitution.

The arms of government include the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.

The types and arms are not entirely independent of each other.

QUICK EVALUATION 

1. The arm of government that interpret the law is called _______.

2. The arm of government that execute the law is called _______.

3. The arm of government that make the law is called _______.

MEANING SEPARATION OF POWER 

Separation of power is the sharing of government powers between the types or arms of government. 

The power to make law is assigned to the legislature.

The power to execute the law make by legislature is assigned to the executive.

While the power to interpret the law make and execute by the legislature and executive is assigned to the judiciary.

The duties and responsibilities assigned to each type or arm of government formed their functions.

LESSON 2 – AREAS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE LOCAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS

The local and state governments are expected to cooperate together in the provision of certain amenities and other functions.

The areas where their cooperation is needed are –

1. To maintain peace and order in the state.

2. To provide social amenities.

3. To ensure that people in the local government pay their taxes.

4. To make sure that the funds allocated to it are judiciously utilized.

BENEFITS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

When there is cooperation between the local and governments, there will be –

1. Peace and harmony in the society.

2. Progress and development.

3. Goal attainment.

LESSON 3 – AREAS OF CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

There are areas of conflicts between to local and state governments that hinder them from discharge their functions.

Some of the conflicts are –

1. Inadequate fund

2. Religion and ethnics differences

3. Corruption

4. People evading the payment of tax.

5. Misunderstanding

REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Uses the headteacher, the teachers and the prefects to lead a discussion on their duties and responsibilities.

3. Allows the pupils to participate actively and understand the concept of no man is an island.

4. Uses the activities 2 and 3 to introduce the lesson and describe the concept of separation of power.

5. Itemizes areas where state and local government are to work together.

6. Uses the activity 5 to lead a discussion on the benefits and likely conflicts between the state and local government.

7. Summarizes each lesson on the board.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the lesson summary and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Next Lesson – Week 7- Mid Term Test and Break, Division of Labour in Agricultural Industrial Primary 4 (Basic 4) – Term 2 Week 8 Social Studies

LESSON EVALUATION 

Ask pupils to:

1. define the concept of government.

2. state the arms of government and their functions.

3. explain the meaning of separation of power.

4. list 3 areas of cooperation between the state and local government.

5. mention 3 areas where conflict may occur between the local and state governments.

6. state likely causes and how to prevent them.