Income, Wages and Salary: Meaning of Wages and Salary and Why Some People Earn Higher Salaries Than Others | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Second Term Week 9 Social Studies

WAGSS AND INCOME: MEANING OF WAGES AND SALARY AND WHY SOME PEOPLE EARN HIGHER SALARIES THAN OTHERS 

SOCIAL STUDIES

PRIMARY 5 – SECOND TERM – WEEK 9

THEME – NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Employment and Unemployment: Meaning of Employment and Unemployment, Causes of Unemployment | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Second Term Week 8 Social Studies

TOPIC – WAGES AND SALARY 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Wages and Salary

3. Difference between Wages and Salary

4. Meaning and Importance of Income

5. Why Some People Earn Higher Salaries Than Others

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of wages.

2. Explain the meaning of salary.

3. Explain the meaning of income.

4. State at least three differences between wages and salary.

5. Mention at least five reasons why some people earn higher salaries than others.

6. Explain the importance of income.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about employment and unemployment, including the meaning of employment and the causes of unemployment.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by helping pupils understand how people earn money from employment and why workers may receive different amounts of money.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Pictures of people doing different jobs

2. Pictures of workers receiving wages or salaries

3. Sample payslip

4. Charts showing different occupations

5. Flashcards

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

People work to earn money and meet their needs. Workers receive money for the work they do. This money may be paid as wages or salary.

Wages are money paid to a worker for work done, while salary is a regular amount of money paid to a worker, usually every month.

People may not earn the same amount of money because of differences in their education, skills, training, experience, type of job, and level of responsibility.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about the meaning of wages and salary and why some people earn higher salaries than others.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF WAGES

Wages are money paid to a worker for the work done, usually for a short period such as a day, week, or based on the amount of work completed.

Example: A farm worker may receive wages for the work done on a farm.

MEANING OF SALARY

Salary is a regular amount of money paid to a worker for doing a job, usually every month.

Example: A teacher may receive a monthly salary for teaching in a school.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WAGES AND SALARY

Wages are usually paid for work done over a short period or according to the amount of work completed.

Salary is usually a fixed amount paid regularly, often monthly.

LESSON 2 – MEANING OF INCOME

Income is the money a person receives from work, business, investment, or other lawful sources.

Examples of income include:

• Wages

• Salary

• Profit from business

• Rent from property

• Interest from savings or investments

WHY SOME PEOPLE EARN HIGHER SALARIES THAN OTHERS

People may earn different salaries because of the following reasons:

1. Level of Education – People with higher levels of education may qualify for jobs that pay higher salaries.

2. Skills and Training – Workers with special skills and professional training may earn more.

3. Experience – People who have gained more experience in their jobs may receive higher salaries.

4. Type of Job – Some jobs require special knowledge and skills and therefore pay higher salaries.

5. Level of Responsibility – People with greater responsibilities may earn higher salaries.

6. Demand for Skills – Workers with skills that are highly needed may receive higher salaries.

7. Place of Work – People working in some organisations or locations may receive different salaries because of the nature of the work and available opportunities.

8. Performance – Workers who perform their duties well may receive promotions and higher salaries.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF INCOME

Income helps people to:

1. Buy food and clothing.

2. Pay for education.

3. Provide shelter.

4. Pay medical expenses.

5. Meet other basic needs.

6. Save for the future.

7. Support their families.

ON A FINAL NOTE 

• Wages are money paid to workers for work done, usually over a short period or according to the amount of work completed.

• Salary is a regular payment made to a worker, usually monthly.

• People earn different salaries because of factors such as education, skills, training, experience, type of job, responsibility, demand for skills, place of work, and performance.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Wages are money paid to a worker for ______.

A. work done

B. sleeping

C. playing

D. travelling

2. Salary is usually paid to a worker ______.

A. only once in a lifetime

B. regularly, often monthly

C. only during holidays

D. whenever the worker asks

3. Income means ______. 

A. money spent on food only

B. money that is wasted

C. money borrowed from friends

D. money received from work, business, or other lawful sources

4. Which of the following can affect the salary a person earns?

A. Education and skills

B. Favourite food

C. Favourite colour

D. Type of clothing

5. Why may an experienced worker earn a higher salary?

A. Experienced workers do not need to work.

B. Experience can increase the worker’s knowledge and ability.

C. Experience prevents people from learning.

D. Experienced workers always work fewer hours.

B. Fill in the Gaps

Options – income, salary, education, wages, experience

6. Money paid to a worker for work done is called ______.

7. A regular payment made to a worker, usually monthly, is called ______.

8. Money received from work, business, or other lawful sources is called ______.

9. A person’s level of ______ can affect the salary they earn.

10. Work ______ can help a person qualify for higher pay.

C. True or False

11. Wages are payments made to workers for work done. ______

12. Salary is usually paid regularly. ______

13. All workers must earn exactly the same salary. ______

14. Education and skills cannot affect the salary a person earns. ______

15. Income can help people meet their basic needs. ______

D. Matching

16. Income – A. Regular payment usually made monthly

17. Experience – B. Money received from lawful sources

18. Wages – C. Money paid for work done

19. Income – D. Can help qualify a person for better-paying jobs

20. Salary – E. Knowledge gained from doing a job over time

ANSWER KEY

1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B

6. wages

7. salary

8. income

9. education

10. experience

11. True

12. True

13. False

14. False

15. True

16. B – Money received from lawful sources

17. E – Knowledge gained from doing a job over time

18. C – Money paid for work done

19. D – Can help qualify a person for better-paying jobs

20. A – Regular payment usually made monthly

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that wages are money paid to a worker for work done, while salary is a regular payment made to a worker, usually every month.

They also learned that income is money received from work, business, or other lawful sources.

Pupils learned that some people earn higher salaries than others because of factors such as education, skills, training, experience, type of job, level of responsibility, demand for skills, and work performance.

They also learned that income helps people to provide food, clothing, shelter, education, healthcare, and other basic needs, as well as save for the future.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

The teacher asks pupils:

• Why do people work?

• What do workers receive for the work they do?

• Do all workers earn the same amount of money?

• What can people use their income for?

The teacher explains that people work to earn money and meet their needs. Workers may receive wages or salary for the work they do.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention different jobs and discuss how workers earn money.

Step 2: Meaning of Wages

The teacher explains that wages are money paid to a worker for work done, usually over a short period or according to the amount of work completed.

Examples:

• A farm worker may receive wages for work done on a farm.

• A casual worker may receive wages for the days worked.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils give examples of people who may receive wages.

Step 3: Meaning of Salary

The teacher explains that salary is a regular amount of money paid to a worker, usually every month.

• Example: A teacher may receive a monthly salary for teaching in a school.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention people who receive regular salaries.

Step 4: Difference Between Wages and Salary

The teacher explains:

• Wages are usually paid for work done over a short period or according to the amount of work completed.

• Salary is usually a fixed amount paid regularly, often every month.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils state the difference between wages and salary.

Step 5: Meaning of Income

The teacher explains that income is money a person receives from work, business, investment, or other lawful sources.

Examples of income include:

• Wages

• Salary

• Profit from business

• Rent from property

• Interest from savings or investments

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention different sources of income.

Step 6: Why Some People Earn Higher Salaries Than Others

The teacher explains that people may earn different salaries because of:

• Level of education: Higher education can qualify a person for certain jobs.

• Skills and training: Special skills and training can lead to higher pay.

• Experience: Experienced workers may have more knowledge and ability.

• Type of job: Some jobs require special knowledge and skills.

• Level of responsibility: Workers with greater responsibilities may earn more.

• Demand for skills: Skills that are highly needed may attract higher salaries.

• Place of work: Salaries may differ between organisations and locations.

• Performance: Good performance may lead to promotion and higher pay.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss why a doctor, teacher, engineer, trader, or artisan may earn different amounts of money.

Step 7: Importance of Income

The teacher explains that income helps people to:

• Buy food and clothing.

• Pay for education.

• Provide shelter.

• Pay medical expenses.

• Support their families.

• Save for the future.

• Meet other important needs.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention things their families may use income to provide.

Step 8: Group Activity

The teacher divides pupils into four groups.

• Group 1: Explain wages and give two examples.

• Group 2: Explain salary and state how it differs from wages.

• Group 3: Explain income and mention five sources of income.

• Group 4: Mention five reasons why some people earn higher salaries than others.

Each group presents its answers to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss, write, and present their answers.

Step 9: Lesson Summary

The teacher reviews the main points of the lesson, including the meaning of wages, salary and income, differences between wages and salary, reasons for differences in salaries, and the importance of income.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise what they have learned.

Step 10: Evaluation

The teacher gives pupils a different set of 20 questions as oral questions, a quiz, take-home work, or a quick test to assess their understanding.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions individually or in groups.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Communication: Meaning of Communication, Types of Electronic Communication, Uses of Communication Devices and Problems of Some Communication Devices | Primary 5 (Basic 5) Second Term Week 10 Social Studies

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to,

1. What are wages?

2. What is a salary?

3. What is income?

4. State two differences between wages and salary.

5. Mention five reasons why some people earn higher salaries than others.

6. State four uses or importance of income.