Drug Education: Effects of Drug Abuse on Individuals, Families and Society, NAFDAC-Registered Medicines and Herbal Medicines Primary 4 (Basic 4) Third Term Week 11 Physical and Health Education

DRUG EDUCATION: EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES AND SOCIETY, NAFDAC REGISTERD MEDICINES AND HERBAL MEDICINES

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION (PHE)

PRIMARY 4 – THIRD TERM – WEEK 11

THEME – DRUG EDUCATION 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Drug Education: Drug Use and Its Consequences, Ways of Taking Drugs, Meaning, Types and Effects of Alcohol and Tobacco Primary 4 (Basic 4) Third Term Week 10 Physical and Health Education

TOPIC – DRUG ABUSE 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Effects of Drug Abuse on Individuals, Families and Society

3. NAFDAC-Registered Medicines and Herbal Medicines

4. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

5. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of drug abuse.

2. State the effects of drug abuse on individuals.

3. Explain the effects of drug abuse on families and society.

4. Explain the meaning of NAFDAC-registered medicines.

5. Explain the meaning of herbal medicines.

6. Differentiate between NAFDAC-registered medicines and herbal medicines.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about drugs, the proper use of drugs, the consequences of drug misuse, the ways of taking drugs, and the harmful effects of alcohol and tobacco.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by teaching pupils the effects of drug abuse on individuals, families, and society, and helping them understand the importance of using NAFDAC-registered medicines and being careful with herbal medicines.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Samples or pictures of NAFDAC-registered medicines

2. Pictures of herbal medicines

3. Charts showing the effects of drug abuse

4. Flashcards

5. Whiteboard and marker

5. NAFDAC logo (picture)

6. Relevant videos (optional)

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Medicines help people recover from illnesses when they are used correctly. However, when drugs are used wrongly or without medical advice, they can cause serious health and social problems. It is also important to know the difference between medicines approved by NAFDAC and herbal medicines.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about the effects of drug abuse, the importance of NAFDAC-registered medicines, and the proper use of herbal medicines.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF DRUG ABUSE

Drug abuse is the wrong or excessive use of drugs or medicines without proper medical advice or for purposes other than treatment.

EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON INDIVIDUALS

1. Poor health and frequent illness.

2. Damage to important body organs such as the brain, liver, lungs, and kidneys.

3. Drug addiction or dependence.

4. Poor concentration and poor academic performance.

5. Mental health problems.

6. Accidents and injuries.

7. May lead to death.

EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON FAMILIES

1. Family quarrels and conflicts.

2. Financial problems due to spending money on drugs.

3. Loss of trust among family members.

4. Emotional pain and sadness.

5. Neglect of family responsibilities.

EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE ON SOCIETY

1. Increase in crime and violence.

2. Poor productivity and reduced economic growth.

3. Increase in road and workplace accidents.

4. Higher healthcare costs.

5. Insecurity and social problems.

LESSON 2 – MEANING OF NAFDAC-REGISTERED MEDICINES

NAFDAC-registered medicines are medicines that have been tested, approved, and registered by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) to ensure that they are safe, effective, and of good quality for use.

IMPORTANCE OF NAFDAC-REGISTERED MEDICINES

1. They are tested for safety.

2. They are approved for use.

3. They help protect people from fake or harmful medicines.

4. They should be used according to the instructions or a doctor’s prescription.

MEANING OF HERBAL MEDICINES

Herbal medicines are medicines made from plants or plant parts such as leaves, roots, seeds, bark, or flowers and are used to treat or prevent diseases.

IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT HERBAL MEDICINES

1. Some herbal medicines can be useful when properly prepared.

2. Not all herbal medicines are safe.

3. Some herbal medicines may also be registered and approved by NAFDAC.

4. Herbal medicines should only be used under the guidance of a qualified health professional.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NAFDAC-REGISTERED MEDICINES AND HERBAL MEDICINES

1. NAFDAC-registered medicines are tested, approved, and registered by NAFDAC before they are sold or used.

2. Herbal medicines are made from natural plant materials. Some are approved by NAFDAC, while others may not be tested or registered.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF AVOIDING DRUG ABUSE

1. It promotes good health.

2. It protects the brain and other body organs.

3. It helps pupils perform better in school.

4. It reduces crime and social problems.

5. It promotes peaceful family and community life.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Drug abuse is the ______ use of drugs.

A. proper

B. wrong or excessive

C. careful

D. correct

2. Which organisation approves and registers medicines in Nigeria?

A. NAFDAC

B. UNICEF

C. WHO

D. Red Cross

3. Herbal medicines are made mainly from ________.

A. metals

B. plastics

C. stones

D. plants

4. Which of the following is an effect of drug abuse on an individual?

A. Better concentration

B. Good health

C. Drug addiction

D. Faster growth

5. Drug abuse can cause ______ in families.

A. peace and happiness

B. family quarrels

C. better academic performance

D. increased savings

B. Fill in the Blanks

6. The wrong use of drugs is called drug ______.

7. Medicines approved by ______ are considered safe for use.

8. Herbal medicines are made from ______.

9. Drug abuse may damage the ______ and other body organs.

10. Drug abuse can increase ______ in society.

C. True or False

11. Drug abuse is good for health. ______

12. Herbal medicines are registered before they are sold. ______

13. NAFDAC medicines are made from plants. ______

14. Drug abuse can affect families and society. ______

15. Pupils should only take medicines given by a doctor or a responsible adult. ______

D. Match Column A with Column B

Column A – Column B

16. Drug Abuse – A. Dependence on drugs

17. NAFDAC – B. Effect of drug abuse on families

18. Herbal medicine – C. Registers medicines

19. Addiction – D. Made from plants

20. Family quarrels – E. Wrong use of drugs

ANSWER KEYS

1. B – Wrong or excessive

2. A – NAFDAC

3. D – Plants

4. C – Drug addiction

5. B – Family quarrels

6. Abuse

7. NAFDAC

8. Plants

9. Brain

10. Crime

11. False

12. False

13. False

14. True

15. True

16. Drug Abuse, E – Wrong use of drugs

17. NAFDAC, C – Registers medicines

18. Herbal medicine, D – Made from plants

19. Addiction, A – Dependence on drugs

20. Family quarrels, B – Effect of drug abuse on families

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that drug abuse is the wrong or excessive use of drugs or medicines without proper medical advice or for purposes other than treatment.

They also learned that drug abuse has harmful effects on:

• Individuals, such as poor health, damage to body organs, addiction, poor academic performance, mental health problems, and even death.

• Families, such as quarrels, financial problems, loss of trust, emotional pain, and neglect of responsibilities.

• Society, such as increased crime, accidents, poor productivity, insecurity, and higher healthcare costs.

Pupils learned that NAFDAC-registered medicines are medicines that have been tested, approved, and registered by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) to ensure they are safe and effective.

They also learned that herbal medicines are medicines made from plants or plant parts. Some herbal medicines are approved by NAFDAC, while others may not be tested or registered. Therefore, herbal medicines should only be used under the guidance of a qualified health professional.

Finally, pupils understood that they should avoid drug abuse, use medicines responsibly, and always take medicines prescribed or approved by a doctor or a responsible adult to maintain good health.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction – The teacher displays pictures of medicines, herbal medicines, alcohol, tobacco, and the NAFDAC logo. The teacher asks pupils why medicines should be used carefully.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the pictures and explain why medicines should only be taken when necessary.

Step 2: Meaning of Drug Abuse – The teacher explains the meaning of drug abuse and discusses why the wrong use of drugs is harmful.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain the meaning of drug abuse in their own words.

Step 3: Effects of Drug Abuse – The teacher explains the effects of drug abuse on:

• Individuals

• Families

• Society

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify and discuss the effects of drug abuse.

Step 4: NAFDAC-Registered Medicines – The teacher explains the meaning of NAFDAC-registered medicines and why people should use medicines approved by NAFDAC.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the NAFDAC logo on medicine packages and explain its importance.

Step 5: Herbal Medicines – The teacher explains the meaning of herbal medicines and discusses the importance of using only safe and approved herbal medicines.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify examples of herbal medicines and explain the need to use them carefully.

Step 6: Group Activity – The teacher divides pupils into groups. Each group discusses one of the following:

• Effects of drug abuse on individuals.

• Effects of drug abuse on families.

• Effects of drug abuse on society.

• Importance of NAFDAC-registered medicines.

• Proper use of herbal medicines.

• Each group presents its findings to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss in groups and present their answers.

Step 7: Lesson Summary – The teacher reviews the meaning of drug abuse, its effects, the meaning of NAFDAC-registered medicines, and herbal medicines.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils summarize the lesson by answering oral questions.

Step 8: Evaluation – The teacher asks oral and written questions to assess pupils’ understanding of the lesson.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the questions and participate actively in the lesson evaluation.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

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LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is drug abuse?

2. State five effects of drug abuse on individuals.

3. Mention five effects of drug abuse on families.

4. State five effects of drug abuse on society.

5. What are NAFDAC-registered medicines?

6. Why is it important to use NAFDAC-registered medicines?

7. What are herbal medicines?

8. State three important facts about herbal medicines.

9. State three differences between NAFDAC-registered medicines and herbal medicines.

10. Explain why children should avoid drug abuse and use medicines only under the guidance of a doctor or a responsible adult.