Martial Arts (Judo): Meaning and Brief History of Judo, Equipment Used in Judo, Basic Skills in Judo and Importance of Judo Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 4 Physical and Health Education

MARTIAL ARTS: MEANING AND BRIEF HISTORY OF JUDO, EQUIPMENT USED IN JUDO, BASIC SKILLS AND IMPORTANCE OF JUDO 

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION (PHE)

PRIMARY 5 – THIRD TERM – WEEK 4

THEME – GAMES AND SPORTS (MARTIAL ARTS 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Food and Nutrition: Meaning of Family Size and Its Effects on Nutrition, Meaning and Characteristics of Nutritionally Deficient People Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 3 Physical and Health Education

TOPIC – JUDO (MARTIAL ART) 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Brief History of Judo

3. Equipment Used in Judo

4. Basic Skills in Judo and Importance of Judo

5. Practical Demonstration of Judo

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of Judo.

2. State the brief history of Judo.

3. Identify the equipment used in Judo.

4. Mention the basic skills in Judo.

5. State the importance of Judo.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about gymnastics and other physical activities that improve strength, balance, flexibility, coordination, and physical fitness. They also learned that regular exercise helps the body stay healthy and active.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by introducing Judo, a martial art that develops physical fitness, self-discipline, confidence, respect for others, and self-defence skills through safe techniques and regular practice.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Judo uniform (Judogi)

2. Judo belt

3. Judo mat (Tatami)

4. Pictures of Judo players

5. Whistle

6. Whiteboard and marker

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

People participate in different sports to keep fit and learn useful life skills. One of these sports is Judo, a martial art that teaches self-defence, discipline, respect, and physical fitness.

In this lesson, pupils will learn the meaning of Judo, its brief history, the equipment used in Judo, the basic skills, and the importance of practising Judo.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF MARTIAL ARTS

Martial arts are systems of physical exercises and fighting skills that are practised for self-defence, physical fitness, discipline, and sport.

MEANING OF JUDO

Judo is a martial art and combat sport that teaches self-defence by using safe throwing, holding, and falling techniques. It also helps to develop discipline, respect, confidence, and physical fitness.

BRIEF HISTORY of JUDO

Judo was created by Dr. Jigoro Kano in Japan in 1882.

It was developed from an older Japanese fighting art called Jujutsu.

The word Judo means “the gentle way.”

Judo became an Olympic sport in 1964.

Today, Judo is practised in many countries, including Nigeria, as both a sport and a means of self-defence.

LESSON 2 – EQUIPMENT USED JUDO

1. Judogi (Judo uniform) – The special clothing worn by Judo players.

2. Judo belt (Obi) – Holds the uniform and shows the player’s rank.

3. Judo mat (Tatami) – A soft mat used for safe practice and competitions.

4. Sports slippers – Worn outside the mat to keep it clean.

5. Water bottle – Used to keep players hydrated.

6. Whistle – Used by the instructor or referee during training and competitions.

BASIC SKILLS IN JUDO

1. Greeting (Bowing) – Showing respect before and after practice.

2. Proper standing posture – Standing correctly and maintaining balance.

3. Falling safely (Breakfall) – Learning how to fall without getting injured.

4. Throwing techniques – Learning simple ways to throw an opponent safely.

5. Holding techniques – Holding an opponent on the mat safely.

6. Movement and balance – Moving correctly while maintaining body balance.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF JUDO

1. It improves physical fitness.

2. It develops body strength.

3. It improves balance and coordination.

4. It builds self-confidence.

5. It teaches self-discipline.

6. It encourages respect for others.

7. It teaches self-defence skills.

8. It promotes courage.

9. It improves concentration.

10. It encourages teamwork and friendship.

11. It helps pupils stay healthy and active.

12. It develops good character and self-control.

PRACTICAL EXERCISE AND DEMONSTRATION OF JUDO

The teacher demonstrates simple Judo activities on a Judo mat (Tatami) while pupils observe and practise safely under close supervision.

1. Warm-Up Exercises

• Jog slowly around the mat.

• Stretch the arms, legs, neck, shoulders, and waist.

• Rotate the wrists and ankles gently.

2. Greeting (Bowing)

• Stand facing your partner.

• Bend slightly at the waist to bow.

• Return to the standing position.

• Repeat after the activity to show respect.

3. Proper Standing Position

• Stand upright with feet slightly apart.

• Bend the knees slightly.

• Keep the body balanced and ready to move.

4. Safe Falling (Breakfall)

• Sit on the mat.

• Roll gently backward.

• Slap the mat with both hands as the back touches the mat.

• Keep the chin tucked in to protect the head.

5. Simple Movement and Balance

• Move forward, backward, left, and right while maintaining balance.

• Practise changing direction without losing balance.

6. Simple Holding Technique

• Under the teacher’s guidance, pupils practise a simple holding position with a partner without applying force.

7. Cool-Down Exercises

• Walk slowly around the mat.

• Stretch the arms and legs.

• Take deep breaths to relax the body.

GROUP PRACTICAL ACTIVITY

The teacher divides the class into groups.

• Group 1: Practise bowing and the proper standing position.

• Group 2: Practise safe falling (breakfall).

• Group 3: Practise movement and balance.

• Group 4: Practise simple holding techniques under the teacher’s supervision.

Each group demonstrates its assigned activity before the class.

SAFETY RULES DURING JUDO PRACTICE

1. Practise only on a Judo mat (Tatami).

2. Wear the Judogi properly.

3. Warm up before starting.

4. Follow the teacher’s instructions at all times.

5. Do not push or throw others without supervision.

8. Bow before and after practising with a partner.

9. Practise only simple techniques suitable for your age.

10. Stop immediately and inform the teacher if you feel pain or get injured.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Judo is a type of ______.

A. dance

B. martial art

C. music

D. race

2. Who founded Judo?

A. Nelson Mandela

B. Isaac Newton

C. Michael Faraday

D. Jigoro Kano

3. Judo originated from ______.

A. Nigeria

B. China

C. Japan

D. Ghana

4. Which of the following is worn by Judo players?

A. Judogi

B. Helmet

C. Boots

D. Gloves

5. One importance of Judo is that it ______.

A. teaches self-defence

B. causes sickness

C. weakens the body

D. wastes time

B. Fill in the Blanks

6. Judo is a type of ______ art.

7. The founder of Judo is ______ Kano.

8. The special uniform worn in Judo is called a ______.

9. Judo is practised on a ______ mat.

10. Judo teaches ______ and respect.

C. True or False

11. Judogi was founded in Japan. ______

12. The Judo is the uniform worn in Judo. ______

13. Bowing is a basic skill in Judo. ______

14. Judo encourages indiscipline. ______

15. Judo helps improve physical fitness. ______

D. Match Column A with Column B

Column A – Column B

16. Judogi – A. Shows respect

17. Jigoro Kano – B. Martial art

18. Tatami – C. Judo uniform

19. Bowing – D. Founder of Judo

20. Judo – E. Soft mat used in Judo

ANSWER KEYS

1. B – Martial art

2. D – Jigoro Kano

3. C – Japan

4. A – Judogi

5. A – Teaches self-defence

6. martial

7. Jigoro

8. Judogi

9. Tatami (Judo)

10. discipline

11. False

12. False

13. True

14. False

15. True

C – Judo uniform

D – Founder of Judo

E – Soft mat used in Judo

A – Shows respect

D – Martial art

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that martial arts are systems of physical exercises and fighting skills practised for self-defence, physical fitness, discipline, and sport.

They also learned that Judo is a martial art and combat sport that teaches self-defence through safe throwing, holding, and falling techniques. Judo was founded by Dr. Jigoro Kano in Japan in 1882.

Pupils identified the equipment used in Judo, including:

• Judogi (Judo uniform)

• Judo belt (Obi)

• Judo mat (Tatami)

• Sports slippers

• Water bottle

• Whistle

They also learned the basic skills in Judo, such as:

• Bowing (Greeting)

• Proper standing posture

• Safe falling (Breakfall)

• Throwing techniques

• Holding techniques

• Movement and balance

Finally, pupils learned that Judo:

• Improves physical fitness.

• Develops strength, balance, and coordination.

• Builds self-confidence.

• Teaches self-discipline and respect.

• Develops self-defence skills.

• Promotes courage and concentration.

• Encourages teamwork and good character.

• Helps pupils stay healthy and active.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction – The teacher asks pupils if they have seen people practising martial arts on television or during sports competitions. The teacher introduces Judo as a martial art used for self-defence, physical fitness, and sport.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils respond by mentioning martial arts they know and listen attentively.

Step 2: Meaning and Brief History of Judo – The teacher explains the meaning of Judo and gives a brief history, including its founder and country of origin.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain the meaning of Judo and mention its founder and country.

Step 3: Equipment Used in Judo – The teacher displays or shows pictures of the equipment used in Judo:

• Judogi

• Judo belt (Obi)

• Judo mat (Tatami)

• Sports slippers

• Water bottle

• Whistle

The teacher explains the use of each equipment.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify and name the equipment used in Judo.

Step 4: Basic Skills in Judo – The teacher explains and demonstrates the following basic Judo skills:

• Bowing (Greeting)

• Proper standing posture

• Safe falling (Breakfall)

• Throwing techniques

• Holding techniques

• Movement and balance

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe and practise the basic skills under supervision.

Step 5: Importance of Judo – The teacher explains the importance of Judo, including improving physical fitness, developing self-discipline, building confidence, promoting respect, and teaching self-defence.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils state the importance of Judo.

Step 6: Group Activity – The teacher divides the class into four groups and assigns the following activities:

• Group 1: Demonstrate bowing and the proper standing position.

• Group 2: Demonstrate safe falling (breakfall).

• Group 3: Identify and explain the equipment used in Judo.

• Group 4: Discuss the importance of Judo and present their findings.

Each group presents its assigned activity before the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils work together, perform their assigned tasks, and present them.

Step 7: Lesson Summary – The teacher reviews the meaning of Judo, its brief history, the equipment used, the basic skills, and the importance of Judo.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise the lesson.

Step 8: Evaluation – The teacher asks oral and written questions and observes pupils demonstrating simple Judo skills correctly and safely.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer the evaluation questions and participate actively in the practical activities.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Martial Arts (Judo): Basic Rules of Judo, Judo Terminologies and Practical Demonstration of Judo Primary 5 (Basic 5) Third Term Week 5 Physical and Health Education

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What is Judo?

2. Who founded Judo?

3. In which country was Judo founded?

4. Mention five equipment used in Judo.

5. State five basic skills in Judo.

6. Mention five importance (benefits) of Judo.

7. What is the special uniform worn in Judo called?

8. Why do Judo players bow before and after practice?

9. Mention three safety rules to observe during Judo practice.

10. Demonstrate any three basic Judo skills correctly and safely (such as bowing, proper standing posture, safe falling (breakfall), movement and balance, or a simple holding technique).