Meaning and Types of Pathogen | Meaning and Types of Disease | The Symptoms and Their Prevention Primary 5 and Primary 6 Term 3 Week 8 Physical and Health Education

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION 

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

THIRD TERM

WEEK 8

PRIMARY 5 AND PRIMARY 6 

THEME: PATHOGENS, DISEASES AND THEIR PREVENTION

PREVIOUS LESSON – Basic Swimming Strokes – Freestyle, Breast Stroke, Backstroke and Butterfly Stroke Primary 5 and Primary 6  Term 3 Week 6 Physical and Health Education

TOPIC – PATHOGENS AND DISEASES 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Types of Pathogens

3. Meaning and Types of Diseases

4. Deferent between Pathogen and Diseases

5. The Symptoms and Preventive Measures

6. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of pathogen.

2. state the types of pathogens.

3. describe the concept disease.

4. list the types of diseases.

5. differentiate between pathogens and diseases.

6. state the symptoms of pathogen diseases;

7. highlight the preventive measures of these diseases.

ENTRY BEHAVIOURS

The pupils can state the symptoms of diseases.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Pictures

2. Posters

3. Flip charts

4. Video clips

METHOD OF TEACHING 

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

Scheme of Work

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

Course Book

All Relevant Material

Online Information

Relevant link – Pathogens and Diseases

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

Pathogen is an infectious disease that causes illness or makes people sick.

Disease is a failure of the body to function well as a result of the activities of germs or pathogens.

Infectious diseases are diseases that are communicable.

Pathogen are tiny living organisms that caused illness to the body.

TYPES OF PATHOGENS 

The types of pathogen diseases are as follows:

1. Virus

2. Bacteria

3. Fungi

4. Worm

5. Protozoa

VIRUS

Virus are smaller than bacteria.

A virus is an infectious agent that can reproduce itself within the host organism.

They caused multitude of diseases — ranging from the common cold to AIDS.

BACTERIA

Bacteria are living organism can be found everywhere.

These diseases are responsible for illness such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.

They are inside and outside the human body, hot water, ice, death, etc.

Some of the bacteria are good for you, while others can make you sick.

FUNGI/FUNGUS 

Fungi diseases are diseases responsible for many skin diseases.

Other types of fungi can infect your lungs or nervous system.

Fungi is a living organism that lives in or on plants, animals or decaying materials.

They no chlorophyll.

WORM

Worm is an organism or parasitic that live in feed off the human body.

It enters the body through contaminated foods, drinks, and soil to causes many symptoms in the body.

PROTOZOA

Protozoa are very small organisms which often live inside larger animals.

PARASITIC 

Parasites are mainly cause by mosquito bite.

Other parasites may be transmitted to humans from animal feces.

LESSON 2 – SYMPTOMS OF PATHOGEN DISEASES 

Each infectious disease has its own specific signs and symptoms.

General signs and symptoms common to a number of infectious diseases include:

1. Fever

2.Diarrhea

3. Fatigue

4. Muscle aches

5. Coughing

HOW TO PREVENT PATHOGEN DISEASES

1. Don’t share personal items.

Use your own toothbrush, comb and razor.

Avoid sharing drinking glasses or dining utensils.

2. Wash your hands

3. Get vaccinated

4. Prepare food safely

5. Keep your environment safe and clean

6. Practice safe sex

7. Travel wisely

LESSON 3 – REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST) 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher asks the groups or pairs, what is COVID 19?

Pupil’s Activities – Describe Covid 19 virus and the efforts of the government and its citizens to prevent the virus.

4. Teacher uses the pupil’s responses to introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of the lesson.

5. Teacher leads a discussion on the meaning and types of pathogen with appropriate examples.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the class discussion.

6. Teacher leads a discussion on the symptoms and preventive measures of pathogen diseases.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay active part in class discussion and analyze the symptoms and how people treat and prevent diseases in their communities.

8. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to the lesson evaluation and write as instructed.

 

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Next Lesson – Week 7 – Mid Term Test and Week 8 – Concept of Diseases | Signs and Symptoms of Diseases | Different between Sickness and Illness Primary 5 and Primary 6  Term 3 Week 9 Physical and Health Education

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to:

1. explain the meaning of pathogen.

2. state 4 types of pathogen.

3. describe the following:

• Virus

• Bacteria

• Fungi

• Worm

• Protozoa

4. explain the meaning of disease.

5. mention 2 types of diseases.

6. differentiate between Pathogen and disease

7. State 4 symptoms of pathogen diseases.

8. Mention 5 preventive measures of these diseases.

WORKBOOK

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. _______ is an infectious disease that causes illness or makes people sick.

A. Pathogen

B. Disease

C. Pandemic

2. Infectious diseases are diseases that are _______.

A. communicable

B. non communicable

C. A and B

3. Pathogen are tiny _______ that caused illness to the body.

A. living organisms

B. death organisms

C. life organisms

4. Pathogen is an infectious disease that causes illness or makes people _______.

A. well

B. sick

C. fine

5. _______ is an infectious agent that can reproduce itself within the host organism.

A. Insect

B. Worm

C. Virus

6. _______ are living organism can be found everywhere.

7. _______ are inside and outside the human body, hot water, ice, death, etc.

A. Fungi

B. Worn

C. Bacteria

8. Some of the bacteria are _______ for you, while others can make you _______.

A. good, sick

B. good, sad

C. good, happy

9. _______ is a living organism that lives in or on plants, animals or decaying materials.

A. Fungi

B. Worn

C. Bacteria

10. _______ is a simple organism or parasitic that feed off the human body.

A. Insect

B. Worm

C. Virus

11. Worm enters the body through _______ foods, drinks, and soil to causes many symptoms in the body.

A. communicable

B. contaminated

C. non contaminated

12. _______ are very small organisms which often live inside larger animals.

A. Diseases

B. Pathogen

C. Protozoa

13. _______ are diseases that can be spread from one person to another and cause a large number of people to get sick.

A. Non communicable diseases

B. Communicable diseases

C. COVID 19 disease

 

14. _______ are diseases that cannot be spread through such contact or any other means.

A. Non communicable diseases

B. Communicable diseases

C. COVID 19 diseases

15. _______ means a global epidemic like COVID 19 virus.

A. Disease

B. Pathogen

C. Pandemic