Meaning of First Aid: Definition of First Aid, First Aid Box, First Aid Giver and Emergency Hotlines | Primary 4 (Basic 4) Third Term Week 6 Social Studies

MEANING OF FIRST AID: DEFINITION OF FIRST AID, FIRST AID BOX6, FIRST AID GIVER AND EMERGENCY HOTLINES 

SOCIAL STUDIES

PRIMARY 4 – SECOND TERM – WEEK 6

THEME – NATIONAL VALUES EDUCATION 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Solutions to Road Accidents: Ways of Preventing Road Accidents and Security Agents at Accident Scenes | Primary 4 (Basic 4) Third Term Week 5 Social Studies

TOPIC – FIRST AID 

LEARNING 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of First Aid and First Aid Box

3. Items Found in the First Aid Box

4. First Aid Giver and Emergency Hotlines

5. Importance of First Aid

6. Weekly Assessment: Test Questions and Answers/Assignment

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of first aid.

2. Explain the meaning of a first aid box.

3. Mention at least five items found in a first aid box.

4. Explain who a first aid giver is.

5. State some duties of a first aid giver.

6. Explain the meaning of emergency hotlines.

7. State when to call an emergency hotline.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about road accidents, their effects, ways of preventing them, and the roles of security and emergency agents at accident scenes.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by teaching pupils about first aid, the first aid box, the first aid giver, and emergency hotlines.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. First aid box

2. Plasters

3. Bandages

4. Cotton wool

5. Gauze

6. Antiseptic

7. Disposable gloves

8. Pictures of first aid treatment

9. Pictures of emergency workers

10. Flashcards

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

INTRODUCTION

Accidents and injuries can happen at home, in school, on the road, or in other places. When someone is injured, quick help can be given before the person receives proper medical treatment.

This quick help is called first aid. A first aid box contains items used to give simple first aid, while emergency hotlines can be called when urgent help is needed.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about the meaning of first aid, first aid box, first aid giver, and emergency hotlines.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF FIRST AID

First aid is the quick and simple help given to an injured or sick person before proper medical treatment is available.

First aid can help to reduce pain, prevent the condition from getting worse, and save lives.

FIRST AID BOX

A first aid box is a box that contains items used to give first aid to injured or sick people.

Items Found in a First Aid Box

Some items in a first aid box include:

1. Plasters – Small covers used to protect cuts and wounds.

2. Bandages – Cloth used to cover or support an injury.

3. Cotton wool – Soft material used to clean wounds.

4. Gauze – Thin material used to cover wounds.

5. Antiseptic – A substance used to clean wounds.

6. Disposable gloves – Gloves used once to protect the hands.

7. Scissors – A tool used to cut bandages and other materials.

8. Safety pins – Pins used to hold bandages in place.

9. Thermometer – A tool used to check body temperature.

LESSON 2 – FIRST AID GIVER

A first aid giver is a person who gives quick help to an injured or sick person before the person receives proper medical treatment.

A first aid giver should:

1. Stay calm.

2. Check the injured person.

3. Give simple and safe first aid.

4. Call for medical help when necessary.

5. Avoid causing further injury.

6. Take the person to a hospital when necessary.

EMERGENCY HOTLINES

Emergency hotlines are telephone numbers people can call when they need urgent help during an emergency.

Examples of emergencies include:

1. Road accidents

2. Fire outbreaks

3. Serious injuries

4. Crime

5. Other dangerous situations

In Nigeria, important emergency numbers include:

• 112 for general emergencies

• 199 for the police

• 122 for the Federal Road Safety Corps

• 112 can also be used to request emergency assistance.

Emergency numbers can change, so pupils should learn the numbers approved for their area and use them only for real emergencies.

LESSON 3 – IMPORTANCE OF FIRST AID

First aid is important because it can:

1. Save lives.

2. Reduce pain.

3. Prevent injuries from becoming worse.

4. Help control bleeding.

5. Give injured people quick assistance.

6. Help a person until medical workers arrive.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT: TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/ASSIGNMENT 

A. Multiple Choice Questions

1. First aid is ______.

A. quick help given to an injured person

B. a type of food

C. a school subject

D. a road sign

2. A first aid box contains ______.

A. books and pencils

B. items used to give first aid

C. clothes and shoes

D. cooking utensils

3. Which of the following can be found in a first aid box?

A. Toy

B. Plate

C. Spoon

D. Bandage

4. A first aid giver is a person who ______.

A. builds houses

B. drives a bus

C. sells medicines in a shop

D. gives quick help to an injured person

5. An emergency hotline is used to ______.

A. make friends

B. order food

C. call for urgent help

D. buy clothes

B. Fill in the Gaps

Use the following words to complete the sentences: box, first aid, giver, bandage, emergency

6. ______ is quick help given to an injured or sick person.

7. A first aid ______ contains items used to give first aid.

8. A ______ is used to cover and protect an injury.

9. A first aid ______ gives quick help to an injured person.

10. An ______ hotline is used when urgent help is needed.

C. True or False

11. First aid can help save a person’s life. ______

12. A first aid box contains items used to give first aid. ______

13. A first aid giver should cause more injury to the victim. ______

14. Emergency hotlines can be used to call for urgent help. ______

15. First aid should only be given in hospitals. ______

D. Matching

16. First aid – A. Gives quick help to an injured person

17. First aid box – B. Used to call for urgent help

18. First aid giver – C. Quick help given to an injured person

19. Emergency hotline – D. Contains first aid items

20. Bandage – E. Used to cover and protect an injury

ANSWER KEYS

1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C

6. first aid

7. box

8. bandage

9. giver

10. emergency

11. True

12. True

13. False

14. True

15. False

16. C. 17. D 18. A. 19. B. 20. E

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned that first aid is the quick help given to an injured or sick person before proper medical treatment is available.

They learned that a first aid box contains items used to give first aid, such as bandages, plasters, cotton wool, and gauze.

Pupils also learned that a first aid giver is a person who gives quick and safe help to an injured or sick person. They also learned that emergency hotlines are telephone numbers used to call for urgent help during emergencies.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

Step 1: Introduction

The teacher displays a first aid box and pictures of people giving first aid.

The teacher asks:

• What is this box used for?

• What should we do when someone is injured?

• Who can give help to an injured person?

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils observe the materials and answer the questions.

Step 2: Meaning of First Aid

The teacher explains that first aid is the quick help given to an injured or sick person before proper medical treatment is available.

First aid can help reduce pain and prevent an injury from becoming worse.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain the meaning of first aid in their own words.

Step 3: Meaning of First Aid Box

The teacher explains that a first aid box is a box that contains items used to give first aid to injured or sick people.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the first aid box and state its use.

Step 4: Items Found in a First Aid Box

The teacher shows and explains some items found in a first aid box:

• Plaster – used to cover small cuts.

• Bandage – used to cover and support an injury.

• Cotton wool – used for cleaning wounds.

• Gauze – used to cover wounds.

• Antiseptic – used to clean wounds and help prevent infection.

• Disposable gloves – used to protect the first aid giver.

• Safety pins – used to hold bandages in place.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils identify the items and state their uses.

Step 5: Meaning of First Aid Giver

The teacher explains that a first aid giver is a person who gives quick and safe help to an injured or sick person before proper medical treatment is available.

A first aid giver should:

• Stay calm.

• Check the injured person.

• Give simple and safe help.

• Call for medical help when necessary.

• Avoid causing further injury.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention the qualities and duties of a first aid giver.

Step 6: Meaning of Emergency Hotlines

The teacher explains that emergency hotlines are telephone numbers used to call for urgent help during an emergency.

Emergencies may include:

• Road accidents.

• Fire outbreaks.

• Serious injuries.

• Crimes.

• Other dangerous situations.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention situations when emergency help may be needed.

Step 7: Importance of Emergency Hotlines

The teacher explains that emergency hotlines help people to:

• Get help quickly.

• Report emergencies.

• Get medical assistance.

• Report crimes and dangers.

• Save lives during emergencies.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils explain why emergency hotlines are important.

Step 8: Importance of First Aid

The teacher explains that first aid can:

• Save lives.

• Reduce pain.

• Control bleeding.

• Prevent injuries from becoming worse.

• Help an injured person until medical workers arrive.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils mention the importance of first aid.

Step 9: Group Activity

The teacher divides the pupils into groups:

• Group 1: Explain the meaning of first aid.

• Group 2: List five items found in a first aid box.

• Group 3: Explain who a first aid giver is and state four duties.

• Group 4: Explain emergency hotlines and mention situations when they are needed.

Each group presents its work to the class.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils discuss, write, and present their answers.

Step 10: Lesson Summary

The teacher reviews the meaning of first aid, first aid box, first aid giver, and emergency hotlines.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils answer oral questions and summarise the lesson.

Step 11: Evaluation

The teacher gives pupils the practice exercise.

Pupils’ Activities: Pupils complete the Multiple Choice, Fill in the Gaps, True or False, and Matching questions.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

Primary 4 – Social Studies Mid Term Test Questions and Answers

Objects Found in a First Aid Box: Contents of a First Aid Box and Their Uses | Primary 4 (Basic 4) Third Term Week 8 Social Studies

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to,

1. Explain the meaning of first aid.

2. Explain the meaning of a first aid box.

3. Mention at least five items found in a first aid box.

4. Explain who a first aid giver is.

5. State at least three duties of a first aid giver.

6. Explain the meaning of emergency hotlines.

7. State when to call an emergency hotline.