Our Weather: Weather Instruments, Weather Symbols and Weather Records Primary 4 (Basic 4) First Term Week 8 – Week 9 Basic Science and Technology

OUR WEATHER: WEATHER INSTRUMENTS, WEATHER SYMBOLS, WEATHER RECORDS AND MAKING WEATHER INSTRUMENTS (IMPROVISATION) PRIMARY 4 (BASIC 4) FIRST TERM WEEK 8 – WEEK 9 BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

FIRST TERM

WEEK 8

WEEK 9

PRIMARY 4 (BASIC 4) 

THEME – LEARNING ABOUT OUR ENVIRONMENT 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Primary 4 – First Term Mid Term Test and End of Term Test for Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC – OUR WEATHER 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Weather Instruments

3. Weather Symbols

4. Weather Records

5. Making Weather Instruments

6. Practice Exercise and Answers

7. Summary

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify common weather instruments.

2. Mention different weather symbols.

3. Explain weather records.

4. State the uses of weather instruments.

5. Demonstrate simple improvisation of weather instruments.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

Pupils have previously learned about our weather, including the meaning of weather and the factors that affect it such as sunshine, rainfall, wind, temperature, and cloud cover.

This lesson builds on that knowledge by introducing pupils to the tools used to measure weather (weather instruments), the symbols used to represent weather conditions, and how weather information is recorded and improvised using simple materials.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of:

1. Thermometer (or picture)

2. Rain gauge (or improvised container)

3. Wind vane (or paper arrow model)

4. Wind sock (cloth or nylon bag)

5. Weather chart and symbols

6. Whiteboard and marker/chalkboard and chalk

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON

WEEK 8

INTRODUCTION

Weather is observed every day, but scientists use special tools called weather instruments to measure and record weather conditions. Weather symbols are simple drawings used to represent different weather conditions. Weather records are written information showing daily weather conditions.

In this lesson, pupils will learn about weather instruments, weather symbols, weather records, and how to make simple weather instruments.

LESSON 1 – MEANING OF WEATHER INSTRUMENTS

Weather instruments are tools used to measure and observe weather conditions.

Examples of Weather Instruments

• Thermometer

• Rain gauge

• Wind vane

• Wind sock

• Barometer

Weather instruments are tools used to measure and observe weather conditions. Each instrument has a special use in helping us understand and record weather changes.

ASSIGNMENT – Find out the meaning of each weather instrument. 

LESSON 2 – WEATHER INSTRUMENTS

1. THERMOMETER

A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature.

Uses:

• Thermometer measures how hot or cold the weather is.

• Thermometer helps us know daily temperature changes.

2. RAIN GAUGE

A rain gauge is an instrument used to measure the amount of rainfall.

Uses:

• Rain gauge measures how much rain falls in a day.

• Rain gauge helps in weather recording.

3. WIND VANE

A wind vane is an instrument used to show the direction of wind.

Uses:

• Wind vane shows where the wind is coming from.

• Wind vane helps in predicting weather conditions.

4. WIND SOCK

A wind sock is a cone-shaped instrument used to show wind direction and strength.

Uses:

• Wind sock shows direction of wind.

• Wind sock shows how strong the wind is.

5. BAROMETER

A barometer is an instrument used to measure air pressure.

Uses:

• Barometer helps to predict changes in weather.

• Barometer shows if weather will be rainy or sunny.

LESSON 3 – WEATHER SYMBOLS

Weather symbols are simple drawings used to represent weather conditions.

Examples of Weather Symbols:

1. ☀️ Sunny

2. ☁️ Cloudy

3. 🌧️ Rainy

4. 🌬️ Windy

ASSIGNMENT – Find out the meaning of each weather symbol. 

WEEK 9

LESSON 4 – WEATHER SYMBOLS

☀️ SUNNY

Sunny weather means the sun is shining brightly with little or no clouds in the sky.

☁️ CLOUDY

Cloudy weather means the sky is covered with clouds and the sun is not clearly seen.

🌧️ RAINY

Rainy weather means rain is falling from the clouds to the ground.

🌬️ Windy

Windy weather means air is moving strongly from one place to another.

LESSON 5 – WEATHER RECORDS

Weather records are daily written information of weather conditions observed over a period of time.

They help scientists and farmers to plan activities.

MAKING WEATHER INSTRUMENTS (IMPROVISATION)

Simple weather instruments can be made using local materials:

1. Rain gauge: plastic bottle

2. Wind vane: cardboard, stick, arrow

3. Wind sock: nylon bag or cloth

4. Thermometer model: straw and water bottle (simple demonstration)

LESSON 6 – WEEKLY ASSESSMENT

PRACTICE EXERCISE/ASSIGNMENT/TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A. Answer the Questions

1. What are weather instruments?

2. Mention two weather instruments.

3. What is a rain gauge used for?

4. What are weather symbols?

5. What is weather record?

B. Fill in the Blanks

6. A thermometer measures ______.

7. A wind vane shows ______ direction.

8. Weather symbols are used to represent ______ conditions.

9. Weather records are written ______ of weather conditions.

10. A rain gauge measures ______.

C. True or False

11. Weather instruments are used to measure weather. ______

12. Weather symbols are long written sentences. ______

13. Weather records are not useful. ______

14. A thermometer measures temperature. ______

15. A wind sock shows wind direction. ______

D. Short Answer

16. Mention one example of a weather symbol.

17. Name one material used to make a rain gauge.

18. What does a wind vane measure?

19. Why do we keep weather records?

20. Mention one importance of weather instruments.

ANSWER KEYS

1. Weather instruments are tools used to measure weather conditions.

2. Thermometer, rain gauge, wind vane (any two).

3. It is used to measure rainfall.

4. Weather symbols are simple drawings that show weather conditions.

5. Weather record is written information about daily weather conditions.

6. temperature

7. wind

8. weather

9. information

10. rainfall

11. True

12. False

13. False

14. True

15. True

16. ☀️ Sunny, 🌧️ Rainy, ☁️ Cloudy (any correct one).

17. Plastic bottle, container (any correct one).

18. Wind direction.

19. To know and study weather conditions.

20. To measure weather conditions / help farmers / plan activities (any correct one).

SUMMARY

In this lesson, pupils learned about weather, which is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place.

They were taught about weather instruments such as: Thermometer (measures temperature), Rain gauge (measures rainfall), Wind vane (shows wind direction), Anemometer (measures wind speed) and Barometer (measures air pressure)

Pupils also learned about weather symbols, which are signs used to represent different weather conditions like sunny, cloudy, rainy, and windy weather.

They further studied weather records, which involve keeping daily information about weather conditions in a chart or diary.

Overall, the lesson helps pupils understand how weather is measured, recorded, and represented for better planning of daily activities.

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. The teacher displays pictures or real objects of weather instruments such as thermometer, rain gauge, and wind vane.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils observe and identify the instruments.

2. The teacher asks pupils to mention types of weather they have observed.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils respond (sunny, rainy, windy, cloudy).

3. The teacher explains that special tools called weather instruments are used to measure weather conditions.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen attentively.

4. The teacher introduces the topic: Weather Instruments, Weather Symbols and Weather Records.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils repeat the topic.

5. The teacher explains different weather instruments and their uses:

• Thermometer – temperature

• Rain gauge – rainfall

• Wind vane – wind direction

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils mention uses.

6. The teacher shows weather symbols and explains their meanings.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils identify and interpret symbols.

7. The teacher explains weather records as written information about daily weather conditions.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils listen and take notes.

8. The teacher demonstrates simple improvisation using local materials (e.g. plastic bottle for rain gauge).

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils observe and ask questions.

9. The teacher writes key points on the board for pupils to copy.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils copy into their notebooks.

10. The teacher summarizes the lesson by revising instruments, symbols, and records.

Pupils’ Activities: The pupils participate in the summary.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. What are weather instruments?

2. Mention two weather instruments.

3. What are weather symbols?

4. Give two examples of weather symbols.

5. What are weather records used for?