Physical and Health Education SS 1 Curriculum Guides – The Heart Muscle | Parts of the Heart | Different Between Veins and Arteries | The Effects Training on the Heart |

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION

THEME – BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY IN RELATION TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

TOPIC – CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

CLASS – SS 1

LEARNING AREAS – 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL

1. Diagrams

2. Textbooks

3. CD-ROMs

4. Projectors

5. Pictures

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. label the parts of the heart.

2. differentiate between the veins and arteries.

3. list the effects of training on the heart.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM 

The human circulatory system is made of an independent systems that work together. These systems are the heart (cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and arteries, veins, coronary and portal vessels (systemic).

The system is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, oxygen and other gases, and as well as hormones to and from cells.

THE BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The blood circulatory system delivers nutrients and oxygen to all cells in the body. It consists of the heart and the blood vessels running through the entire body.

THE HUMAN HEART 

The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.

The human heart has four chambers: two upper chambers (the atria) and two lower ones (the ventricles). The right atrium and right ventricle together make up the “right heart,” and the left atrium and left ventricle make up the “left heart.” A wall of muscle called the septum separates the two sides of the heart.

FUNCTIONS OF THE HEART 

1. It is a muscular and pumping organ.

2. It pumps blood to other parts of the body.

3. The pumping action keep human being alive.

PARTS OF THE HEART 

THE HEART MUSCLES

The heart muscle is also known Cardiac muscle or myocardium, is one of three major categories of muscles found within the human body, along with smooth muscle and skeletal muscle. It makes up the thick middle layer of the heart. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is under involuntary control.

Cardiac muscle forms both the atria and the ventricles of the heart.

The heart has four chambers, two atria and two ventricles.

1. The right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.

2. The right ventricle pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.

3. The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.

4. The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to the body.

DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE VEINS AND ARTERIES

1. The veins are blood vessel that carry blood from the capillaries back toward the heart while the arteries are the blood vessels that carry oxygen – rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body.

2. Veins have thinner walls and use valves to keep your blood flowing. While, Arteries have thick walls with muscle tissue.

The connection between the vessels that carry blood away from the heart (arteries) and the vessels that return blood to the heart (veins) is known as Capillaries. The primary function of capillaries is the exchange of materials between the blood and tissue cells.

EFFECTS OF TRAINING ON THE HEART 

1. It lowers blood pressure.

2. It improves blood flow.

3. It Improves workout efficiency.

4. It lowers cholesterol.

5. It decreases risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. …

6. It promotes other heart healthy habits.

7. It reduces the incidence of heart arrhythmia, like atrial fibrillation (AFib).

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. guides students to draw and label the different parts of the heart.

2. explains the differences between veins and arteries.

3. leads students to discuss the effects of training on the heart.

 

 

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. draw and label the different parts of the heart.

2. participate in the class discussion on the effects of training on the heart.

3. listen to the teacher.

4. ask and answer questions.

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks students to,

1. draw and label the parts of the heart.

2. state two differences between veins and arteries.

3. discuss three effects of training on the heart.