Basic Science JSS 1 Curriculum Guides – Importance of Plants and Animals | Characteristics and Differences between Plants and Animals

BASIC SCIENCE 

THEME – LIVING AND NON LIVING THINGS 

TOPIC – LIVING THINGS

CLASS – JSS 1

LEARNING AREA – 

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

1. Plant and animal specimens

2. Old newspapers

3. Drawing book

4. Charts/posters

5. Plastic containers

6. Polythene bags

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to,

1. collect and identify samples of plants and animals in their environment.

2. list the distinguishing characteristics of plants and animals.

3. state the importance of plants and animals to human beings.

4. prepare a plant album.

5. identify self as a living thing.

6. state the characteristics of living things.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

INTRODUCTION

Living things include many kinds of organisms – the plants, animals, fungi, etc. that can be readily seen in nature or with a microscope. Living things can be found in every type of habitat on Earth – on land and in lakes, rivers, and oceans. Although all these organisms are very different from one another but have similar characteristics.

PLANTS AND ANIMALS 

Plants are living things that usually make their own food, reproduce, but cannot move around. Animals are living things that can move around, eat food for fuel, and reproduce.

 

USES/IMPORTANCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS 

1. Food – plants and animals.

2. Herbal medicine – plants and animals.

3. Raw materials for the industries – plants and animals.

4. Security – animals like dogs.

5. Economic importance – plants and animals

CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS 

The characteristics of living things are –

1. Movement

Living things like man, dogs, goats, etc. move from one place to another on their own. Forms of movements include, walking, running, jumping, swimming, and flying. Plants also moved but not like man and animals. They move according to stimuli, move towards light and water.

2. Sensitivity/Irritation

Living things respond to conditions around them. For example, cold, heat, etc.

3. Respiration

All living things respire. Take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide. Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.

4. Nutrition

Living things feed on different nutritional foods for growth and development.

5. Growth

All living things grow in height, size and weight. Plants continue to grow throughout their life time while man and animals stop at a certain stage of life.

6. Reproduction

All living things have the ability to produce their young ones. Man and animals release waste in form of urine, carbon oxide, sweat, etc. While plants also do the same in form of water, gum, etc.

7. Excretion

This is the ability to remove waste from the body.

8. Death

When living things are unable to carry out all these activities, they are said to be death.

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN Plants AND ANIMALS

1. Movement

Plants do not move on their own, they are generally rooted in one place. While animals have the ability to move from one place to another.

2. Feeding

Plants make their own food because they contain chlorophyll. While animals depend on plants and other animals.

3. Respiration

Plants give take in carbon oxide and give out oxygen. While animals take in oxygen and give out carbon oxide.

4. Sensitivity

Plants have no ability to Sense. While animals have a very high sensory and nervous system.

5. Growth

Plants continue to grow in height, size and weight throughout their life time. While animals stop to grow at a particular time.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. guides class in discussion on, differences between plants and animals, characteristics of plants and animals and importance and uses of plants and animals.

2. guides students to group living matter as plants and animals, prepare a plant album and identify self as living things.

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. collect plant and animal samples

2. observe the collections and identify distinguishing characteristics of plants and animals.

3. sort out collections into plant and animal groups.

4. press plant materials and prepare plant album.

5. participate in class discussion.

LESSON EVALUATION

Students to,

1. name four examples of plants and animals.

2. state four differences between plants and animals.

3. list three important uses of plants and animals.

4. list four characteristics of living things.

5. describe self as a living thing.