Government SS 2 Curriculum Guides – Types of Electoral System (Second Ballot System/Run-off System) | Advantages and Disadvantages of Second Ballot System/Run-off System

GOVERNMENT

THEME – POLITICAL PARTIES AND PRESSURE GROUPS AND ELECTION

TOPIC – ELECTORAL PROCESS (TYPES OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS) 

CLASS – SS 1 

LEARNING AREAS – Types of Electoral System (Second Ballot System/Run-off System) | Advantages and Disadvantages of Second Ballot System/Run-off System

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL

1. Textbooks

2. Pictures and charts

3. Electoral materials e.g. ballot box, ballot papers, etc.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:

1. list types of electoral systems.

2. explain the meaning of second ballot system/run-off system

3. discuss the advantages and disadvantages of second ballot System/run-off system

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS

ELECTORAL SYSTEM OR ELECTORAL PROCESS 

An electoral system is also known as voting process. It is a set of rules and regulations that determine how elections and referendums are conducted. The whole system includes parties registration, voter registration, political campaign, accreditations, voting and declaration of results and dispute resolution.

TYPES OF ELECTORAL SYSTEM 

The following are types of electoral system,

1. Simple majority system

2. Absolute majority system

3. Second ballot system/run-off system

4. Alternative voting system

5. Proportional representation system

6. Ballot or voting system

7. Direct and Indirect electoral systems

SECOND BALLOT SYSTEM/RUN-OFF SYSTEM 

Second ballot system is a run off system. It is an election conducted when the first election fails to produce a clear winner to be returned for the position of President or Governor. In Nigeria, presidential candidate must win 25% across the states or federation while the governorship must win 25% across the LGA.

ADVANTAGES OF SECOND BALLOT SYSTEM/RUN-OFF SYSTEM 

1. It gives the candidates or political parties with the same score a second chance to test their popularity.

2. It enables the best candidate to emerge as the winner.

3. It gives the voters the opportunity to choose the best candidate that will represent their interest.

4. It makes the election more competitive and interesting.

DISADVANTAGES OF SECOND BALLOT SYSTEM/RUN-OFF SYSTEM 

1. It is very expensive and time consuming.

2. It delays election results.

3. It can lead to political apathy or instability.

4. It can lead to election malpractices.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. leads a class review on the meaning and types of electoral system.

2. guides a class discussion on the meaning, advantages and disadvantages of second ballot system/run-off system.

3. summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

4. gives an assignment.

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. participate actively in the class review on the meaning and types of electoral system.

2. discuss the meaning, advantages and disadvantages of second ballot system/run-off system.

3. respond correctly to the lesson evaluation and write as instructed.

4. take note of class assignment.

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks students to,

1. state five types of electoral systems?

2. mention five advantages of second ballot system/run-off system.

3. outline five disadvantages of second ballot system/run-off system.