Drug Use and Their Consequences | Ways of Taking Drugs | Meaning and Types of Alcohol and Tobacco Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 10 Physical and Health Education

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION 

BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

THIRD TERM

WEEK 10 

PRIMARY 4

THEME: PATHOGENS, DISEASES AND THEIR PREVENTION 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Common Health Signs and Symptoms | Preventive Measures of Disease Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 9 Physical and Health Education

TOPIC – DRUG USE (ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO) 

LEARNING AREA 

1. Introduction

2. Meaning of Drug Use

3. Ways of Taking Drug

4. Meaning and Types of Alcohol and Tobacco

5. Effects of Alcohol and Tobacco on Human Body

6. Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, most of the pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. explain the meaning of drug use.

2. state the reasons for drinking and smoking.

3. mention ways of taking drugs.

4. state the effects of alcohol and tobacco.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can state some of the effects of alcohol and tobacco on the human body.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of chart showing a drunker and smoker.

METHOD OF TEACHING 

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

Scheme of Work

9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

Course Book

All Relevant Material

Online Information – Health Line

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION

A drug is any substance that can change the activities of the body.

If we take drugs during sickness, they make us feel better, when we take them according to doctor’s prescription.

Some people abuse drug by using it without any doctor’s prescription.

The effects of the drug vary.

Some make us sleepy, excited, awake or take away pains.

FORMS OF DRUG 

Drugs are in different forms such as,

1. Solid form

Tablets such as panadol, paracetamol, etc.

2. Liquid form

Tonic such as cough syrup, blood tonic, etc.

3. Gaseous form

Inhaler, Respiratory, etc.

EFFECTS OF NORMAL USE OF DRUGS

Drug use make people:

1. Heathy and fit

2. Active and strong

3. Live long

4. Sleep well

5. Results in excitement and joy

LESSON 2 – WAYS OF TAKING DRUGS 

Drugs are taking as follows:

1. Through mouth

2. Rubbing or spraying on skin

3. Injecting

4. Inhaling

5. Dropping

1. THROUGH MOUTH 

Drugs like tablets, capsules or liquid form are swallow.

Most are taken through mouth.

 

2. RUBBING OR SPRAYING ON SKIN 

Drugs like Robb, Penicillin, Aboliki, Loko, etc. are rubbed on the skin.

Spraying are commonly used for the sport men and women for quick and fast relief.

 

3. INJECTING 

Malaria and typhoid injections are good examples.

These drugs are injected into the body by using syringes and needles.

 

4. INHALING 

Vicks inhaler, oxygen inhaler, etc. are examples of drugs inhale.

Other drugs inhaler are cocaine, tobacco, taba, etc.

 

5. DROPPING 

There are drugs that are taken through the eyes, e.g. eye and hear drops.

LESSON 3 – MEANING AND TYPES OF ALCOHOL 

Alcohol is a chemical substance found in liquid that is found in drinks such as beer, wine, and liquor.

It is also found in perfumes, cleaning fluid, medicine, mouthwashes, household products, and essential oils, plants, etc.

People that are affected by alcohol are called drunker.

COMMON ALCOHOL DRINK IN OUR COMMUNITIES 

• Tradition alcohol are palm wine, burukutu, ogogoro, pito, local gin, etc.

• Modern alcohol are beer, wine, whisky, champagne, etc.

TYPES OF ALCOHOL 

There are three (3) of alcohol,

1. Ethanol

2. Methanol

3. Isopropanol

ETHANOL (ETHYL ALCOHOL) 

Ethanol is an alcohol that is made by fermentation.

Fermentation is a chemical process that uses uses yeast, sugars, and starches.

METHANOL (METHYL ALCOHOL) 

Methanol is a component in fuel for cars and boats that is used to manufacture antifreeze, paint remover, windshield wiper fluid, and many other products.

ISOPROPANOL (ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL)

Isopropanol is the chemical name used for cleaning and disinfecting.

WARMING!!!

Ethanol is the only type of alcohol that humans can safely drink while other types of of alcohol are used for cleaning and manufacturing, NOT safe for making drinks. 

Drinking ethanol on regular basis may lead to addiction and damage the liver, the brain, and other organs over time because ethanol is toxic. 

Both methanol and isopropanol are poisonous to humans because they can cause liver failure. 

Drinking even a small amount of methanol or Isopropanol can be fatal.

EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL 

The effects of alcohol are as follows:

1. Vomiting

2. Heart disease

3. Cancer

4. Amnesia, brain cancer

5. Nausea

6. Sexual dysfunction

7. Overweight

8. Headache

9. Tiredness

10. Anxiety

LESSON 4 – TOBACCO

Tobacco is a plant grown for its leaves, which are dried and fermented before being put in tobacco products.

Tobacco contains nicotine, an ingredient that can lead to addiction, which is why so many people who smoke tobacco find it difficult to quit.

EFFECTS OF TOBACCO 

The effects of tobacco are as follows;

1. Lung damage

2. Heart disease

3. Fertility problems

4. Risk of pregnancy complications

5. Risk of type 2 diabetes

6. Weakened immune system

7. Vision problems

8. Poor oral hygiene

9. Unhealthy skin and hair

10. Cancers

11. Addiction

REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST) 

As stated in performance objectives or lesson evaluation. 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher displays samples or chart showing different forms of drugs.

3. Teacher organizes pupils in groups or pairs depending on the size of the class.

4. Teacher lets the pupils identify and describe each forms of drugs.

Pupil’s Activities – Describe how to use tablets, blood tonic and inhaler.

5. Teacher listens to the pupils and uses their responses to introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – Pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand the concept of the lesson.

5. Teacher leads a discussion on the meaning and forms of drugs.

Pupil’s Activities – Explain the meaning of drugs and give examples for each of the form of drug.

6. Teacher asks the groups or pairs to state ways of taking each form of drug.

Pupil’s Activities – Mention different ways of taking each form of drug.

7. Teacher listens to the pupils and uses their responses to lead a discussion on the ways of taking drugs and the effects of taking drugs according to the doctor’s prescription.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the class discussion.

8. Teacher asks the groups or pairs to differentiate between drunker and smoker.

9. Teacher listen to the pupils and uses their responses to a discussion on alcohol and tobacco with their effects on human body.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the class discussion.

10. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate lesson evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to the lesson evaluation and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

• To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

• Next Lesson – Drug Education – Effects of Drug Abuse on Individual, Family and Society | Herbal and NAFDAC Medicines Primary 4 (Basic 4) Term 3 Week 11 Physical and Health Education

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils to:

1. explain the meaning of drug use.

2. mention 5 ways of taking drugs.

3. give 2 examples of drugs taking –

• through mouth

• Rubbing or spraying on skin

• Injecting

• Inhaling

• Dropping

4. state 5 reasons why people for drink and smoke.

5. differentiate between alcohol and tobacco.

6. mention 3 types of alcohol.

7. state the danger of taking methanol and Isopropanol.

8. state 5 effects of the following:

• Alcohol

• Tobacco

WORKBOOK

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

1. ________ is any substance that can change the activities of the body.

A. Disease

B. Drug

C. Money

2. There are ________ forms of drugs.

A. few

B. two

C. many

3. ________, ________ and ________ are the forms of drug.

A. Solid, liquid and smoke

B. Solid, light and gas

C. Gaseous, liquid and solid

4. The effects of normal use of drugs are ________, except.

A. brain damage

B. heathy and fit

C. active and strong

5. Drugs like tablets, capsules or liquid form are ________ through ________.

A. Mouth, swallow

B. drink, mouth

C. swallow, mouth

6. Drugs like Robb, Penicillin, Aboliki, Loko, etc. are ________.

A. rubbed on the skin

B. swallow through mouth

C. injected by using syringes and needles

7. ________ are ways of taking drug commonly used for the sport men and women for quick and fast relief.

A. Rubbing

B. Injecting

C. Spraying

8. ________ is the mean of taking drugs using syringes and needles.

A. Rubbing

B. Injection

C. Spraying

9. Vicks inhaler, oxygen inhaler, etc. are examples of drugs ________.

A. Spray

B. Inhale

C. Rub

10. ________ are drugs mostly abuse in our communities.

A. Alcohol and palm wine

B. Tobacco and cigarette

C. Alcohol and tobacco

11. ________ is a chemical substance found in liquid that is found in drinks such as beer, wine, and liquor.

A. Tobacco

B. Liquid

C. Alcohol

12. People that are affected by alcohol are called ________.

A. smoker

B. alcoholism

C. drunker

13. ________ are palm wine, burukutu, ogogoro, pito, local gin, etc.

A. Modern alcohol

C. Traditional alcohol

C. Imported alcohol

14. Beer, wine, whisky, champagne, etc. are good examples of ________.

A. Modern alcohol

C. Traditional alcohol

C. Imported alcohol

15. ________ is an alcohol that is made by fermentation.

A. Methanol

B. Isopropanol

C. Ethanol

16 ________ is a chemical process that uses uses yeast, sugars, and starches.

A. Fermentation

B. Documentation

C. Exportation

17. ________ is a component in fuel for cars and boats that is used to manufacture antifreeze, paint remover, windshield wiper fluid, and many other products.

A. Methanol

B. Isopropanol

C. Ethanol

18. ________ is the chemical name used for cleaning and disinfecting.

A. Methanol

B. Isopropanol

C. Ethanol

19. ________ is the only type of alcohol that humans can safely drink.

A. Methanol

B. Isopropanol

C. Ethanol

20. ________ ams ________ are types of of alcohol are used for cleaning and manufacturing, NOT safe for making drinks.

A. Ethanol and methanol

B. Methanol and isopropanol

C. Isopropanol and ethanol

21. Drinking ________ on regular basis may lead to addiction and damage the liver, the brain, and other organs over time because ethanol is toxic.

A. Methanol

B. Isopropanol

C. Ethanol

22. Both methanol and isopropanol are ________ to humans because they can cause liver failure.

A. safe

B. bitter

C. poisonous

23. Drinking even a small amount of ________ can be fatal.

A. Ethanol and methanol

B. Methanol and isopropanol

C. Isopropanol and ethanol

24. ________ is a plant grown for its ________, which are dried and fermented before being put in tobacco products.

A. Tobacco, roots

B. Tobacco, leaves

C. Tobacco, branches

25. Tobacco contains ________, an ingredient that can lead to addiction, which is why so many people who use tobacco find it difficult to quit.

A. nicotine

B. ethanol

C. Methanol