Meaning and Components of Soil | Importance (Uses) of Soil to Plants Primary 3 (Basic 3) Term 2 Week 9 Basic Science and Technology

BASIC SCIENCE

SECOND TERM

WEEK 9

PRIMARY 3 (BASIC 3) 

THEME –  BASIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 

PREVIOUS LESSON – Water Packaged – Reasons for Packaging | Samples Features of Packaged Water | Different between Packaged and Unpackaged Water Primary 3 (Basic 3) Week 8 Basic Science and Technology

TOPIC – MEANING AND COMPONENTS OF SOIL 

LEARNING AREA

1. Introduction

2. Meaning and Components of Soil

3. Importance (Use) of Soil to Plants

4. Revision, Lesson Evaluation and Weekly Assessment (Test)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 

By the end of the lesson, most pupils should have attained the following objectives –

1. identify the components of soil.

2. discuss the uses of soil to plants.

3. demonstrate the planting of seeds in the soil.

ENTRY BEHAVIOUR

The pupils can identify and describe its components.

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

The teacher will teach the lesson with the aid of sample of soil and seeds.

METHOD OF TEACHING

Choose a suitable and appropriate methods for the lessons.

Note – Irrespective of choosing methods of teaching, always introduce an activities that will arouse pupil’s interest or lead them to the lessons. 

REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of Work

2. 9 – Years Basic Education Curriculum

3. Course Book

4. All Relevant Material

5. Online Information

CONTENT OF THE LESSON 

LESSON 1 – INTRODUCTION 

Soil is the top layer of the earth. That is, the group or land.

There are different types of soil – sandy soil, clay soil and loamy soil. Each of the soil are used for different purposes such as sandy soil for building, clay soil for moulding and loamy for planting of crops.

COMPONENTS OF SOIL

Soil is a material composed of five ingredients –

1. Living organisms

2. Organic materials

3. Inorganic materials

4. Soil minerals

5. Soil air

6. Soil water

 

LIVING ORGANISMS

Living organisms are life animals such as worms, insect, etc. that lived in the soil.

ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATERIALS

Organic materials are the living, dead or decaying plants and animals. While,

Inorganic materials are that rocks (stones) which are slowly broken down into smaller particles that vary in size, such as sand, silt, and loam.

 

SOIL MINERALS

Minerals are important substances found in the soil.

The most common minerals found in soil are, iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sulphur, etc.

SOIL AIR 

Air in the soil is the gaseous phase of the soil. It is in constant exchange with the atmosphere.

SOIL WATER 

Soil water contains nutrients that move into the plant roots when plants take in water.

LESSON 2 – IMPORTANCE OF SOIL TO PLANTS 

Soil consists of living organisms, inorganic particles, organic matter, air and water that provides the structural support and protection for plants in agriculture.

The importance of soil to plants are as follows –

1. It provides a place for plants to grow.

2. It holds water in place for their roots.

3. It provides plants with the foothold for their roots.

4. It provides necessary nutrients or food substances for plants to grow.

5. it absorbs water and regulates excess rainwater that prevents flooding.

6. It releases carbon dioxide into the air, that plants need in order to grow and release oxygen into the air.

LESSON 3 – REVISION AND WEEKLY ASSESSMENT 

As stated in performance objectives or lesson evaluation. 

PRESENTATION

To deliver the lesson, the teacher adopts the following steps:

1. To introduce the lesson, the teacher revises the previous lesson. Based on this, he/she asks the pupils some questions;

2. Teacher organizes the pupils in groups or pair depending on the size of the class.

3. Teacher displays different soil sample and guides the pupils a groups to identify each sample as soil.

4. Teacher guides the groups to identify the components of the soil. Note, be mindful of the harmful living organisms.

5. Teacher use the soil sample and the pupil’s relevant responses to introduce the lesson.

Pupil’s Activities – The pupils pay attention to the lesson introduction to understand understand the concept of lesson.

6. Teacher leads a class discussion on the meaning and components of soil.

Pupil’s Activities – The pupils identify and discuss the components of the soil.

7. Teacher takes the pupils to the school’s garden (if any) to lead a discussion on the importance of soil to plants. If there is no garden in school, use the field grass.

Pupil’s Activities – The pupils participate actively in the field discussion.

8. Teacher guides the pupils on how to plant crops like maize, cassava, etc.

Pupil’s Activities – The pupils demonstrate how to plant crops like maize, cassava, etc.

9. Teacher summarizes the lesson on the board with appropriate evaluation.

Pupil’s Activities – Participate actively in the summary of the lesson by responding correctly to most of the questions and write as instructed.

CONCLUSION

To conclude the lesson for the week, the teacher revises the entire lesson and links it to the following week’s lesson.

NEXT LESSON

LESSON EVALUATION 

Teacher asks pupils,

1. explain the meaning of soil.

2. identify 3 components of soil.

3. discuss 3 uses of soil to plants.

4. demonstrate the planting of seeds in the soil.

WEEKLY ASSESSMENT (TEST)

ATTEMPT ALL THE QUESTIONS

1. Soil is the top layer of the ________.

A. rock

B. earth

C. moon

2. ________, ________ and ________ are types of soil.

A. sandy, loamy and clay

B. iron, rock and granite

C. mineral, air and water

3. Sandy soil is used for ________, clay soil is used for ________ and Loamy is used for ________.

A. moulding, building and planting of crops.

B. planting of crops, building and moulding

C. building, moulding and planting of crops

Use the following – Living organism, Organic materials, Inorganic materials, Soil minerals, Air and Water.

4. ________ are life animals such as worms, insect, etc. that lived in the soil.

5. ________ are the living, dead or decaying plants and animals.

6. ________ are that rocks (stones) which are slowly broken down into smaller particles that vary in size, such as sand, silt, and loam.

7. ________ are important substances found in the soil. The most common substances found in soil are, iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, sulphur, etc.

8. ________ in the soil is the gaseous phase of the soil. It is in constant exchange with the atmosphere.

9. ________ contains nutrients that move into the plant roots when plants take in water.

10. Without soil, most life on earth could not survive.

A. True

B. False