Physical and Health Education SS 1 Curriculum Guides – Start in Sprints | Types of Horizontal Jump and Techniques | Meaning and Types of Baton Change

PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION

THEME – THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ATHLETICS AND DANCES

TOPIC – ATHLETICS (TRACK AND FIELD)

CLASS – SS 1

LEARNING AREAS – Start in Sprints | Types of Horizontal Jump and Techniques | Meaning and Types of Baton Change

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL

1. Textbooks

2. CD ROMs

3. Magazines

3. Rule books

4. The baton

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, students should be able to explain and demonstrate

1. the starts in sprints.

2. the horizontal jumps.

3. the baton change in relays.

CONTENTS OF THE LESSON

FOCUS LESSONS 

ATHLETICS (TRACK AND FIELD)

Athletics is a group of sporting events that involves competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross-country running, and racewalking.

Track and field is a sport that includes athletic contests based on running, jumping, and throwing skills. The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events.

THE SPRINTS 

A sprint is a track and field event that involves run at full speed over a short distance. Getting a great start in a race will put you at an advantage. Once you are in front at the start, the rest of the field has to play catch-up with your pace, speed, and deceleration.

There are two (2) types of sprints – sprint start and crouch start.

1. Sprint Start is commonly used in athletics ranging from sprints to a number of middle and long distance events. In a race, sprint start propel an athlete to run as fast as possible.

2. Crouch Start is an athlete body response to a few commands to ready for the race. The start has three phases,

I. On your marks

II. Set or Get set

III. Whistle or gun shot means Go

ON YOUR MARK 

* Place your front foot at forearm’s length behind the start line.

* Place the knee of your back leg on the ground level with your front foot.

* Place your hands shoulder-width apart behind, not on the line.

SET OR GET SET 

* Raise your hips slightly higher than your shoulders.

* Make sure that both your legs remain bent (front leg at about 90 degrees; back leg at about 120 degrees).

GO

* Drive your back leg forward.

* Swing your arms hard.

THE BATON CHANGE 

Baton exchange is the exchange of a baton between runners in a relay team. There are two (2) methods of baton exchange, namely – visual and non visual baton change.

1. Visual Baton Change is the method in which the receiver looks back to take the baton from the incoming runner.

2. Non Visual Baton Change is the method in which the receiver don’t look to take the baton from the incoming runner.

THE BATON CHANGE ZONE 

The baton change zone is the final leg for each runner. In 4 x 100 relay race, there are four runners in each team and three exchange zones. The baton must be exchanged within the exchange zone, otherwise the team is disqualified.

JUMPING ACTIVITIES

There are two (2) types of jumping activities, vertical and horizontal jumps.

1. A vertical jumpor vertical leap is the act of jumping upwards into the air.

It can be defined as the between the highest point that the athlete can touch from a standing jump and the height that the athlete can touch from a standing position.

2. Horizonal jump

Horizontal jump is a distance jump. It is defined as a jump (such as long jump) that expect an athlete to jump as far as possible.

TYPES OF HORIZONTAL JUMPS 

There are two (2) types of horizontal jumps,

1. Long Jump

2. Triple Jump

LONG JUMP 

Long jump is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a take off point.

The basic techniques of long jump are as follows:

1. Approach

2. Take Off

3. Flight

4. Landing

5. Recovery

TRIPLE JUMP

Triple jump is an athletic event in which competitors attempt to jump as far as possible by performing a hop, a step, and a jump from a running start.

It is, sometimes referred to as the hop, step and jump or the hop, skip and jump. Triple jump is also known as 1, 2, 3 Jump. That’s, 1 – hop, 2 – step (skip) and 3 – jump.

The basic techniques of long jump are as follows:

1. Approach

2. Hop

3. Step (Leap/Bound)

4. Jump

5. Landing

6. Recovery

TECHNIQUES OF HORIZONTAL JUMPS 

The techniques for horizontal jumps are as follows:

1. Develop understanding of overall technique.

2. Focus on the fundamentals and not individual style.

3. Work on some aspect of technique each day.

4. Train with a purpose (why am I doing this?).

5. Tear it apart with drills/exercises.

6. Put it back together with jumping.

7. Identify weaknesses and remedy with drills/exercises.

LESSON PRESENTATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES

The teacher,

1. demonstrates the skills involved in the sprints, horizontal jumps and baton change in relays.

2. supervises the children as they practice.

STUDENT’S ACTIVITIES

The students,

1. listen to the teacher.

2. practice what the teacher demonstrated.

LESSON EVALUATION

Teacher asks students to,

1. demonstrate the different start in sprints.

2. list and demonstrate two types of horizontal jumps.

3. demonstrate the baton change in relays.