Three Dimensional (3D) Shapes
LESSON – 3D SHAPES
TOPIC
- Introduction
- Meaning and Properties of Three Dimensional Shape
- Lesson Evaluation
INTRODUCTION – 2D AND 3D SHAPES
Three dimensional shapes are objects or shapes that three dimensions such as length, width, and height.
Three dimensional shapes are known as 3D shapes.
While two dimensional shapes have just two dimensions such as length and width.
Two dimensional shapes are also known as 2D shapes.
The properties of a three dimensional shapes are,
1. Faces
2. Edges
3. Vertices
TYPES OF THREE DIMENSIONAL SHAPES
The following shapes are the basic three dimensional shapes we see around us,
1. Cube
2. Cuboid (Rectangular prism)
3. Triangular prism
4. Sphere
5. Cone
6. Cylinder
7. Pyramid
CUBE
A cube is a solid three dimensional shape which has 6 square faces.
Examples of cube are ice cube, cube square, dice, etc.
The cube has the following properties,
- 8 vertices (corners)
- 12 edges
- 6 faces
CUBOID
A cuboid is a solid three dimensional shape which has 6 rectangular faces or 4 rectangular faces and 2 square faces.
Six rectangular faces
Four rectangular faces with two square faces
Examples of cuboid are the lunch box, bricks, books, carton, cupboard, fridge, etc.
It is also called a rectangular prism.
The faces of the cuboid are a rectangle in shape.
The cuboid has the following properties,
- 8 vertices (corners)
- 12 edges
- 6 f aces
TRIANGULAR PRISM
A triangular prism is a solid three dimensional shape which has 5 faces (2 triangles and 3 rectangles).
Examples of triangular prism are triangular roofs, camping tents, and chocolate candy bars.
The triangular prism has the following properties,
- 6 vertices
- 9 edges
- 5 faces
SPHERE
A sphere is a three dimensional round shaped object with just one face.
Examples of sphere ball, moon, sun, eyeball, orange, etc.
The sphere has the following properties,
- No vertex
- No edges
- 1 curved face
CONE
A cone is a three dimensional object or solid with a circular base and has a single vertex.
Examples of cone are hat, Ice cream cone, funnel, megaphone, christmas tree, traffic cone, etc.
The cone has the following properties,
- 1 vertex
- 1 edge
- 1 flat face – circle
- 1 curved face
CYLINDER
A cylinder is defined as a three dimensional shapes with 2 circular bases connected by a curved surface.
Examples of cylinder pipes, cans, tanks, battery, gas cylinder, fire extinguisher, etc.
The cylinder has the following properties,
- No vertex
- 2 edges
- 2 flat faces – circles
- 1 curved face
PYRAMID
A pyramid is also a three dimensional shape with a square base and four triangular faces.
Examples of pyramid are roof of a building, Egyptian pyramid, groundnut pyramid, etc.
There are different types of pyramid depending on their based.
We have the triangular, square, quadrilateral base but the most commonly used is the square pyramid.
The pyramid has the following properties,
- 5 vertices
- 8 edges
- 5 faces
LESSON EVALUATION
Answer 5 questions including number 6.
1. explain the meaning of 3 dimensional shapes.
2. differentiate between 2D and 3D shapes.
3. identify and state the properties of 3 dimensional shapes.
4. state the uses of three dimensional shapes.
5. apply 3 dimensional shapes in real life situations.
6. state the properties of the following shapes,
- Cube
- Cuboid
- Triangular prism
- Cone
- Sphere
- Pyramid
- Cylinder